Muscles of the Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh

Gluteus Maximus origin

external surface of ilium posterior to the posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

Gluteus Maximus insertion

iliotibial tract to lateral condyle of tibia, and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus Maximus action

extends hip, assists in lateral rotation of hip

Gluteus Maximus innervation

inferior gluteal n. L5-S2

gluteus medius origin

external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

gluteus medius insertion

lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus medius action

abducts and medially rotates hip

gluteus medius innervation

superior gluteal n. L4-S1

gluteus minimus origin

external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus insertion

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus minimus action

abducts and medially rotates hip

gluteus minimus innervation

superior gluteal n. L4-S1

tensor fascia lata origin

anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and anterior part of iliac crest

tensor fascia lata insertion

iliotibial tract to lateral condyle of tibia

tensor fascia lata action

abducts and medially rotates hip, assists with hip flexion and knee extension

tensor fascia lata innervation

superior gluteal n. L4-S1

piriformis origin

anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

piriformis insertion

superior border of greater trochanter of femur

piriformis action

laterally rotates extended hip, horizontally abducts flexed hip

piriformis innervation

ventral rami of S1-2

obturator internus origin

margins of obturator foramen (deep surface) and obturator membrane

obturator internus insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter of femur (trochanteric fossa)

obturator internus action

laterally rotates extended hip, horizontally abducts flexed hip

obturator internus innervation

N. to obturator internus L5-S1

superior gemellus origin

ischial spine

superior gemellus insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter of femur (trochanteric fossa)

superior gemellus action

laterally rotates extended hip, horizontally abducts flexed hip

superior gemellus innervation

n. to obturator internus L5-S1

inferior gemellus origin

ischial tuberosity

inferior gemellus insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

inferior gemellus action

laterally rotates extended hip, horizontally abducts flexed hip

inferior gemellus innervation

n. to quadratus femoris L5-S1