Lecture-3.1-6: sampling distribution for proportion

Univariate Statistics

Statistics involving a single variable.

Bivariate Statistics

Statistics that analyze two variables simultaneously.

Sampling Distribution

The probability distribution of a given sample statistic based on a random sample.

Point Estimate

A single value that serves as an estimate of a population parameter.

Confidence Interval

A range of values derived from a sample that is likely to contain the population parameter.

Margin of Error

The amount that is subtracted from and added to the point estimate to create a confidence interval.

Central Limit Theorem

The theorem stating that as the sample size increases, the sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution.

Null Hypothesis

The hypothesis that there is no significant difference or effect.

Alternative Hypothesis

The hypothesis that asserts a significant difference or effect exists.

Significance Test

A statistical method used to determine if there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities that can be assigned to a statistical distribution.

Chi-squared Distribution

A distribution that arises when a variable is the sum of the squares of several independent standard normal variables.

Confidence Level

The probability that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter.

Error Types

The classifications of errors that occur when interpreting statistical tests.

Response Variable

The variable that is measured in response to changes in the explanatory variable.

Explanatory Variable

The variable that is manipulated to observe changes in the response variable.

Normal Distribution

A probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence.

Population Parameter

A numerical characteristic or measure of a population.

Sample Statistic

A numerical characteristic or measure obtained by using the data values from a sample.

Proportion

The relative frequency of a category within a categorical variable.

Standard Error

An estimate of the standard deviation of the sampling distribution.