Colonies Review

Pt 1 of Parliament Charter

Called for the King to appoint a Govenor to Massachusetts.

When was the House of Burgesses formed?

July 30, 1619

What was the significance of the Virginia House of Burgesses?

It formed the first representative assembly in colonial America.

What did other colonies later adopt in an early form of government?

Houses of burgesses.

When was the Mayflower Compact signed?

November 11, 1620

Significance of the Mayflower Compact?

Significant step in establishing self-government & democratic in the colonies.

How many people signed the Mayflower Compact?

41 men, 11 of them ranked "mister."

What does "City upon a hill" mean?

Others should be looking at the Puritans and model their society after the Puritans.

What did "City upon a hill" have to do with God?

It meant the Puritans had a convent with God. Puritan Perfection.

When was the Maryland Act of Toleration passed?

1649

Who ordered the Maryland Act of Toleration?

Lord Baltimore

What did the Maryland Act of Toleration guarantee?

Religious freedom to all Christians

Why was the Maryland Act of Toleration needed?

Protestants threatened to submerge Catholics and have restrictions on them.

Who led Bacon's Rebellion?

Nathaniel Bacon

What was the goal of Bacon's Rebellion?

To gain more land by attacking Native Americans

Who were the participants of Bacon's Rebellion?

Backcountry farmers

Pilgrims

English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620.

What are pilgrims also known as?

Separatists

Why did separatists leave England?

Religious persecution, no right in government, & couldn't own land and couldn't make money.

Who were the Puritans?

A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.

Why did the Puritans come to America?

For religious freedom.

Where did the Puritans settle & when?

Massachusetts Bay in 1630.

Dominion of New England

An administrative union of English colonies in the New England region of North America.

Who were the Quakers?

English dissenters who broke from the Church of England

What were the key beliefs of the Quakers?

They preached a doctrine of pacifism, inner divinity, and social equity

What colony did the Quakers found under William Penn?

Pennsylvania

What is a Joint-Stock Company?

A company that allowed investors to pool their wealth in support of a colony that would hopefully yield a profit.

What was the purpose of a Joint-Stock Company in colonial times?

To enable investors to collectively finance and profit from colonial ventures.

Who was William Bradford?

He was a pilgrim and governor of Plymouth 30 times.

What did he think of non-puritans?

He thought they were going to corrupt his godly experiment in the wilderness.

Why do you think Anne Hutchinson was banned from Mass. Bay Colony?

Banished from Mass. Bay Colony for heresy.

What would Anne Hutchinson soon find/establish?

She and her followers would soon create Portsmouth, Rhode Island.

James Oglethorpe

Founder of Georgia. Once was a wealthy member of parliament.

Why was Georgia created?

A buffer colony to protect the Carolinas & a place to keep debtors.

Who were the indentured servants?

Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years

What did indentured servants receive in exchange for their work?

Free passage to North America

What was the condition of work for indentured servants?

Working without pay for a certain number of years

Who founded Pennsylvania?

William Penn

What was William Penn's motivation for founding Pennsylvania?

To establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution. Haven for quakers.

Who gave William Penn the land for Pennsylvania?

King Charles II

Who was married to Pocahontas, signifying the first interracial union?

John Rolfe

How did John Rolfe die?

He was killed in a series of Indian attacks.

What is John Rolfe known for in relation to the tobacco industry?

He became the father of the tobacco industry.

John Rolfe saved what colony?

Jamestown was saved by him.

How did John Rolfe save Jamestown?

He helped the colony by learning to grow a type of tobacco using seeds from West Indies.

Who helped found Jamestown?

John Smith

How did John Smith contribute to the Virginia colony?

His leadership and strict discipline helped the colony survive the difficult first winter.

What quote is tied to John Smith's determination?

"He who shall not work shall not eat."

Who was Roger Williams?

A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state

What colony did Roger Williams found?

Rhode Island, and specifically Providence.

How did Roger Williams get Rhode Island

He bought it from the Narragansett Tribe.

What did Rhode Island become to be known as?

The most tolerant colony out of the original 13.

John Winthrop

Puritan governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Speaker of "City upon a hill"

John Winthrop's thoughts on other religions

Very strict when it came to other religions, and really only supported Puritan beliefs.

What were the New England Colonies? (States)

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire

Economy in New England Colonies

Farming small industries such as fishing, lumber and crafts

What are colonies?

A group of people who leave their native country to form a settlement in a new land connected with the parent nation.

Why do people form colonies?

To establish settlements in new lands that are connected to their native country.

What were the Middle Colonies? (States)

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Economy of the Middle Colonies

Cash crops=grains, raised livestock, small manufacturing, busy ports, slavery

What were the Southern Colonies? (States)

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

Economy of the Southern Colonies

Tobacco, rice indigo and cotton plantation.

Who founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Puritans & John Winthrop

Who became the leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

John Winthrop

What was the primary reason families followed the Puritans to the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Seeking religious freedom

What was the requirement to run for office in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Had to be Puritan

What type of community did the Puritans aim to create in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Model Christian community

What was the population trend in the Massachusetts Bay Colony after its founding?

Large boom in population

How would you describe the religious strictness in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Very strict

What type of laws governed the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Puritan Bible Laws

Pennsylvania

Founded by Quakers and William Penn

Soon became a haven for quakers and many.

Why was Pennsylvania founded?

Religious freedom for Quakers.

Trade and profit from land sales.

Who founded Georgia?

James Oglethorpe & group of philanthropists.

What was the initial purpose of Georgia?

Debtor's colony for criminals and buffer colony to protect the Carolinas from Spain.

What type of people were sent to Georgia initially?

Debtors

Who was Georgia named after?

King George II

What city in Georgia was very diverse?

Savanah

How did James Oglethorpe save Georgia?

His energy and leadership.

What made Georgia & Maryland unique from other colonies?

It was very slow in growing and was the least populated colony.

South & North Carolina

Founded by a group of 8 profiters in 1633.

Main reason for South & North Carolina being founded

Religion freedom, vast land opportunity, and trade and profit/farming.

Maryland

Founded by Lord Baltimore, haven for Catholics, and Toleration Act

Maryland Toleration Act

Passed in 1649. It granted religious freedom to Christians living in Maryland

Who founded New Jersey?

John Berkeley and George Carteret and quakers in 1664.

What was the original intention for New Jersey?

It was first made up to be a Swedish Colony, but soon captured by English in 1664.

Why was New Jersey Founded?

Trade & profit, profit from land sales, and religious and political freedom.

Delaware

Founded by Swedish Settlers for Trade & Profit. Soon taken over by English.

New York

Founded by Dutch West India Company in 1664.

New York sold which colony to others?

New Jersey

What was New York's original name before being changed for the Duke of York?

New Amsterdam

New Hampshire

Founded by John Mason

Why was New Hampshire founded?

Profit from trade and fishing & escape from strict religion laws from the Puritans.

Connecticut

Founded by Thomas Hooker and his followers to escape religious persecution.

Important things about Connecticut

Rights to vote for men, religious and political freedom, and expanded trade.

Why was Connecticut founded?

Thomas Hooker & his followers were told to leave Massachusetts.

What are the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?

First constitution in written history (1639). Gave men the right to vote.

What type of government did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut establish?

A representative government made up of a legislature elected by the people and a governor chosen by the legislature.

Rhode Island

Founded by Roger Williams & Anne Hutchinson.