History revision cards t3

What were the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany had to accept blame for WWI, pay reparations 600 billion reduce its army to 100,000 soldiers, give up territory and colonies

How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to WWII?

Many Germans saw the Treaty as humiliating and unfair. Hitler used this anger to gain support by promising to overturn the Treaty and restore German pride.

What was the purpose of the League of Nations?

to maintain international peace, prevent another world war and settle disputes between countries peacefully.

Why did the League of Nations fail to prevent WWII?

because the USA did not join, it had no army of its own and members were often unwilling to take strong action.

What were the Roaring Twenties?

The Roaring Twenties were a period of economic growth and consumerism during the 1920s. Cars, radios, movies and other forms of entertainment became increasingly popular.

What caused the Great Depression?

The Great Depression was caused by the Wall Street Crash, overproduction and falling demand. It led to widespread unemployment and poverty.

How did the Great Depression help Hitler rise to power?

Germany was badly affected by the Depression, causing unemployment and poverty. Hitler promised jobs, economic recovery and strong leadership, which attracted support from desperate Germans.

Why did Hitler become popular in Germany?

Hitler gained support because of anger over the Treaty of Versailles, the Great Depression, fear of communism and dissatisfaction with the German government. He promised to restore Germany's strength and pride.

How did Hitler establish his dictatorship?

• 30 January 1933: Hitler became Chancellor.

• 27 February 1933: Reichstag Fire.

• 23 March 1933: Enabling Act gave Hitler greater power.

• August 1934: Hitler became Führer.

How did Hitler control Nazi Germany?

Hitler used propaganda, censorship, fear and force to control Germany. The Gestapo and SS targeted opponents, while education, media and youth organisations were controlled by the Nazis.

What were the main characteristics of fascism?

Fascism supports a powerful dictator, extreme nationalism, militarism and obedience to the state. It uses propaganda and force to control opposition.

What was communism and why did Hitler oppose it?

Communism aimed to create a classless society where major industries and resources were collectively controlled. Hitler saw communism as a threat and wanted to destroy the Soviet Union.

What was antisemitism and how did the Nazis use it?

Antisemitism - prejudice or hatred towards Jewish people. The Nazis spread this through

propaganda, discrimination and laws(such as nuremburg law)

which eventually developed into mass persecution and murder.

What were the Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht?

The Nuremberg Laws 1935

removed many basic rights (citezinship/voting)

banned marriage between Jews and Germans.

Kristallnacht 1938:

Nazi violence against Jewish people,

businesses and places of worship.

What was Nazi eugenics?

a state run program of racial "hygiene" and selective breeding. It used pseudoscience to force the sterilization of 400,000 people, murder over 70,000 disabled individuals they did this to try improve the german population and genes

What was Hitler's vision for Germany?rsrd

-racially "pure" state

-strong military.

-reverse Versailles

-destroy communism

When and why did Australia enter WWII?

3 September 1939,

after Britain declared war on Germany.

What happened at Pearl Harbor and why was it important?

7 December 1941,

Japan attacked the American military base at Pearl Harbor. The attack brought the USA into WWII and increased the importance of the Pacific War.

What happened when Singapore fell?

Singapore fell to Japan on 15 February 1942. left Australia feeling more vulnerable to Japanese attack.

What happened during the bombing of Darwin?

On 19 February 1942, Japanese aircraft attacked Darwin., making it the first major attack on the Australian mainland.

What happened during the Japanese attack on Sydney Harbour?

On 31 May 1942, Japanese submarines attacked Sydney Harbour, damaging Allied ships and showing that Australia was vulnerable to attack.

Why was the Battle of the Coral Sea important?

The Battle of the Coral Sea took place from 4–8 May 1942. Allied forces prevented Japan from capturing Port Moresby by sea, helping protect Australia

Why was the Battle of Milne Bay significant?

25 August–7 September 1942.

Australian and American forces defeated Japan, making it the first major Japanese land defeat of WWII.

What was the Kokoda Campaign?

July–November 1942.

Australian troops stopped japans advance to reach port moresby in paupa new guinea

What conditions did Australian soldiers face during Kokoda?

Australian soldiers faced extremely difficult conditions, including thick jungle, mountains, heavy rain, disease, exhaustion and limited supplies.

How did Australia's relationship with its Allies change during WWII?

Australia traditionally relied heavily on Britain for protection. However, after the fall of Singapore, Australia increasingly relied on the United States for defence

What was the Phoney War?

The Phoney War lasted from September 1939 to April 1940. Britain and France were at war with Germany, but there was very little major fighting on the Western Front.

What happened during the Battle of France?

In 1940, Germany invaded France and quickly defeated the French and Allied forces, taking control of much of France.

What was the Battle of Britain

10 July–31 October 1940.

Germany attempted to gain control of Britain's skies, but the British successfully resisted the attacks

What happened during the Siege of Tobruk?

10 April 1941 - The Siege of Tobruk was an 8-month defence of a port, where Australian and Allied soldiers held off German and Italian forces.

What was Operation Barbarossa?

Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 during World War II because he wanted to gain territory and resources

What was the National Security Act?

The National Security gave the Australian government greater powers during wartime, including greater control over information and people. passed on 9 sep 1939

Why was rationing introduced?

Rationing controlled the amount of important goods Australians could buy so that resources such as food, clothing and petrol could be directed towards the war effort.

Why was censorship used during WWII?

Censorship prevented sensitive military information from reaching the enemy and helped maintain public morale.

How was propaganda used on the Australian home front?

Propaganda was spread through posters, newspapers, radio and films to encourage recruitment, saving resources and support for the war effort.

What was internment?

Internment involved detaining people considered potential security threats. In Australia, some Germans, Italians and Japanese people were interned during the war.

What was conscription and why was it controversial?

Conscription is compulsory military service. It was controversial because Australians disagreed about whether conscripted soldiers should be allowed or required to fight overseas.

What jobs did women do on the Australian home front?

• Factory workers

• Nurses

• Farm workers

What jobs did women do during the war?

• Mechanics – repaired vehicles and machinery.

• Shipyard workers – helped build and repair ships.

• Telephone operators – helped with communication.

How did WWII change women's roles?

WWII allowed women to enter jobs and military services that had traditionally been dominated by men. This challenged traditional ideas about women's roles in Australian society.

What was the Holocaust?

The Holocaust was the systematic persecution and murder of approximately six million Jewish people by Nazi Germany and collaborators, mainly between 1941 and 1945.

Who else was persecuted by the Nazis?

Roma and Sinti people,

people with disabilities,

, LGBTQ+ people

and other groups they considered undesirable.

What was the Final Solution?

The Final Solution was the Nazi plan to systematically murder Europe's Jewish population, with extermination camps being used for mass murder.

When was Auschwitz liberated?

Auschwitz was liberated(freeing surviving people) by Soviet forces on 27 January 1945.

When and where were the atomic bombs dropped?

• 6 August 1945: Hiroshima

• 9 August 1945: Nagasaki

Both bombs were dropped by the United States.

What were the short-term effects of the atomic bombs?

The bombings caused massive destruction, fires, deaths and injuries. Radiation exposure also caused serious illness.

What were the long-term effects of the atomic bombs?

The bombings caused long-term health problems and psychological trauma. They also contributed to the nuclear arms race

What was D-Day and why was it important?

june 6 1944

The Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied France which began the liberation of Western Europe.

How did WWII end in Europe?

Hitler died on 30 April 1945, and Germany surrendered on 8 May 1945

How did WWII end in the Pacific?

after the 2 bombs in japan

• 2 September 1945: Japan formally surrendered.

This officially ended WWII.

what was the main causes for ww11

Harsh treaty of versails which angered hitler and economic crash of the 1930s which made hiter want to gain more land so he invated poland

what did women do it war evidence

By 1942, around 800,000 Australian women were working in jobs that supported the war effort.

Australian Women’s Army Service (AWAS)

transport and communication work

Women’s Royal Australian Naval Service (WRANS)

worked in naval communications and administration.

Women’s Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF)

worked in administration, communications and other support roles.