OpenStax US History Ch. 10 Review Questions

Which group saw an expansion of their voting rights in the early nineteenth century?

A. free blacks
B. non-property-owning men
C. women
D. Indians

B

What was the lasting impact of the Bucktail Republican Party in New York?

A. They implemented universal suffrage.

B. They pushed for the expansion of the canal system.

C. They elevated Martin Van Buren to the national political stage.

D. They changed state election laws from an appointee system to a system of open elections.

D

Who won the popular vote in the election of 1824?

A. Andrew Jackson
B. Martin Van Buren
C. Henry Clay
D. John Quincy Adams

A

Why did Andrew Jackson and his supporters consider the election of John Quincy Adams to be a "corrupt bargain"?

He and his supporters didn't like Representative Henry Clay's maneuvering in the House, which gave Adams the election despite Jackson having won the popular vote. Once Adams sat in office, he gave Clay the post of secretary of state, which seemed like a secret bargain.

Who stood to gain from the Tariff of Abominations, and who expected to lose by it?

Northern manufacturers could gain from the tariff since it made competing goods from abroad more expensive. Southern planation owners figured it would be costly to them since it raised the price of goods they could only import. Southerners also feared it meant an expansion of federal power over the states.

What was the actual result of Jackson's policy of "rotation in office"?

A. an end to corruption in Washington

B. a replacement of Adams's political loyalists with Jackson's political loyalists

C. the filling of government posts with officials the people chose themselves

D. the creation of the Kitchen Cabinet

B

The election of 1828 brought in the first presidency of which political party?

A. the Democrats
B. the Democratic-Republicans
C. the Republicans
D. the Bucktails

A

What were the planks of Andrew Jackson's campaign platform in 1828?

He campaigned as a man of the people, with intention of sweeping away the corrupt elite by undoing the corrupt bargain" of Adams' election, making new federal appointments and elevating officials whose election actually reflected the will of the majority of voters.

What was the significance of the Petticoat affair?

The Petticoat affair divided those loyal to President Jackson from Washington, DC, insiders. When Washington socialite Peggy O'Neal's husband committed suicide and O'Neal then married John Eaton, a Tennessee senator with whom she was reportedly unfaithful to her husband, Jackson and those loyal to him defended Peggy Eaton against other Washington, DC, socialites and politicians. Martin Van Buren, in particular, supported the Eatons and became an important figure in Jackson's "Kitchen Cabinet" of select supporters and advisers.

South Carolina threatened to nullify which federal act?

A. the abolition of slavery

B. the expansion of the

C. transportation infrastructure
the protective tariff on imported goods

D. the rotation in office that expelled several federal officers

C

How did President Jackson respond to Congress's re-chartering of the Second Bank of the United States?

A. He vetoed it.

B. He gave states the right to implement it or not.

C. He signed it into law.

D. He wrote a counterproposal.

A

Why did the Second Bank of the United States make such an inviting target for President Jackson?

People saw the 2nd bank as a "monster bank" and a tool for the privileged few rather than the public good. Jackson, who saw himself as a spokesman of the common people against the elite, it represented their self-serving policies. Fighting to get rid of it helped increase his popularity.

What were the philosophies and policies of the new Whig Party?

Whigs opposed what they thought of as the tyrannical rule of Andrew Jackson. They named themselves after the 18th century British-American Whigs who stood in opposition to King George. They believed in an active federal government committed to internal improvements, including establishing a national bank.

How did most whites in the United States view Indians in the 1820s?

A. as savages
B. as being in touch with nature
C. as slaves
D. as shamans

A

The 1830 Indian Removal Act is best understood as ________.

A. an example of President Jackson forcing Congress to pursue an unpopular policy

B. an illustration of the widespread hatred of Indians during the Age of Jackson

C. an example of laws designed to integrate Indians into American life

D. an effort to deprive the Cherokee of their slave property

B

What was the Trail of Tears?

The route of the forced removal of the Cherokee and other Indian tribes from their ancestral lands in Southeastern U.S. to what is now Oklahoma. Expulsion was carried out by the U.S. military, and thousands of Indians died along the way.

The winner of the 1840 election was ________.

A. a Democrat
B. a Democratic-Republican
C. an Anti-Federalist
D. a Whig

D

Which of the following did not characterize political changes in the 1830s?

A. higher voter participation

B. increasing political power of free black voters

C. stronger partisan ties

D. political battles between Whigs and Democrats

B

How did Alexis de Tocqueville react to his visit to the United States? What impressed and what worried him?

He thought democracy was an unstoppable force whose major benefit was equality before the law. However, he also described the tyranny of the majority, which overpowers the will of minorities and individuals.