Periodic Table and Electron Configuration Review

These flashcards cover various terms and concepts related to the periodic table and electron configuration.

What do you call the vertical columns on the periodic table?

Groups or families.

What do you call the horizontal rows on the periodic table?

Periods.

What is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom called?

Mass number.

What particle in an atom has a negative charge?

Electron.

What particle in an atom has a positive charge?

Proton.

What particle in an atom has a neutral charge?

Neutron.

The number of protons in an atom is called what?

Atomic number.

What do you call an atom that has lost or gained electrons?

Ion.

What is a positively charged ion called?

Cation.

What is a negatively charged ion called?

Anion.

What is the name of the last column of the periodic table?

Noble gases.

What happens to the size of an atom as you go from left to right on the periodic table?

The size decreases.

What happens to ionization energy as you go from top to bottom on the periodic table?

Ionization energy decreases.

What is the most reactive metal?

Francium (Fr).

What is the most reactive non-metal?

Fluorine (F).

What is the term for the outermost electrons in an atom?

Valence electrons.

What is the state called when all electrons of an atom are in the lowest possible energy levels?

Ground state.

What is a packet of light energy called?

Photon.

What is the process by which core electrons block the attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons?

Shielding.

What theory states no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers?

Pauli Exclusion Principle.

What is the term for the theory describing how electrons prefer to occupy their own orbital?

Hund's Rule.