Q4 - Liver (Week 2)

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25 Terms

1

Liver Cyst

Thin-walled, anechoic structures with posterior enhancement, representing simple cysts that have no septations.

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2

Polycystic Liver Disease (PLD)

A dominant genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple cysts on or around the liver.

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3

Biliary Hamartoma

A benign liver malformation composed of small, disorganized clusters of dilated bile ducts, also known as Von Meyenburg complex.

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4

Pyogenic Liver Abscess

A pus collection in the liver, often with an unknown cause.

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5

Amebic Liver Abscess

A pus-filled infection in the liver caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

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6

Viral Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections.

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7

Hydatid Disease

Infection caused by the echinococcus tapeworm, resulting in cyst formation in the liver.

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8

Schistosomiasis

The most common parasitic infection in humans, characterized by peri-portal fibrosis and portal hypertension.

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9

Cirrhosis

Chronic liver disease where the normal architecture of the liver is destroyed, leading to fibrosis.

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10

Jaundice

A clinical presentation of cirrhosis characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver dysfunction.

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11

Doppler of Portal Hypertension

Used to determine the direction of flow and assess the vascular status of the liver in cases of portal hypertension.

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12

TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt)

A procedure that creates a pathway between the portal and hepatic veins to reduce pressure in the hepatic circulation.

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13

Cavernous Transformation of Portal Veins

Formation of periportal collateral channels visible on ultrasound in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction.

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14

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

The most common primary malignant liver tumor, often associated with cirrhosis and increased alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels.

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15

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH)

A common benign liver tumor characterized by a solitary lesion with a central scar and hormonal stimulation.

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16

Hepatitis A

A highly contagious liver infection caused by the Hepatitis A virus, often transmitted through contaminated food or water.

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17

Hepatitis B

A serious liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus that can become chronic, leading to serious liver issues.

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18

Hepatitis C

Chronic liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus, which can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer.

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19

Cholestasis

A condition where bile flow is reduced or blocked, leading to accumulation of bile acids in the liver.

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20

Fatty Liver Disease

Build-up of excess fat in the liver cells, often linked to obesity and diabetes.

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21

Autoimmune Hepatitis

A disease in which the body's immune system attacks liver cells, leading to inflammation and damage.

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22

Primary Biliary Cholangitis

A progressive disease that slowly destroys the bile ducts in the liver, leading to bile accumulation.

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23

Acute Liver Failure

A rapid deterioration in liver function, often due to overdose of drugs, toxins, or viral infections.

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24

Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy

A type of heart disease that can occur in patients with cirrhosis, characterized by alterations in cardiac function.

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25

Liver Transplantation

A surgical procedure to replace a diseased liver with a healthy liver from a donor.

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