Health Promotion, Wellness, and Disease Prevention — Vocabulary Flashcards (Video Notes)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the Health Promotion, Wellness, and Disease Prevention lecture notes.

Health promotion

The process of enhancing people’s influence over and improvement of their health.

Disease prevention

Primary and secondary preventive measures aimed at reducing the burden of disease and associated risk factors.

Health outcomes

The results of health promotion and disease prevention measures.

Wellness

A positive state of health.

Acute illness

Strikes suddenly and lasts for a limited time (example: appendicitis).

Chronic illness

Lasts for 3 months or longer; characterized by intensifying or improving symptoms (example: lupus).

Healthy People initiatives

National health promotion and disease prevention objectives developed every ten years to improve the health of all Americans; launched in 1979.

Healthy People 2030

The fifth edition of the national health promotion and disease prevention objectives.

Health communication

Verbal and written approaches to control, inspire, and promote healthier choices; evidence-based, culturally sensitive, understandable, accessible, and delivered through various media.

Health education

Learning experiences designed to improve the health of individuals or communities through increased knowledge or by influencing attitudes; includes risk notification, behavior change, and tools for change.

Public health policies

Policies that influence a nation’s health through promotion and prevention programs; shaped by institutions, interests, and ideas.

Self-care

Inclusive activities that promote one’s mental health and overall well-being.

Burnout

A progressive loss of idealism, energy, and purpose in helping professions; emphasizes the need for self-care to prevent emotional exhaustion and moral distress.

Prodromal phase

Early signs before the appearance of clear symptoms of illness.

Symptomatic phase

Phase in which symptoms are present.

Seeking help

Act of obtaining medical or professional assistance for health concerns.

Dependency

Reliance on others for care during illness.

Recovery

Return to health after illness.

Genetics

Genetic makeup that can influence individual health risks and outcomes.

Age

A factor influencing personal health based on chronological age.

Sex

Biological sex as a factor in health.

Ethnicity

Ethnic background influencing health risks and outcomes.

Family health history

Pattern of health conditions in one’s family that can affect personal risk.

Lifestyle

Daily habits and behaviors that affect health.

Stress

A physiological and psychological response to perceived demands or threats, affecting body, mind, and emotions.

Narcotization

A defense mechanism involving preoccupation with illness or symptoms to avoid addressing underlying emotional issues.

Denial

Refusing to accept reality or facts.

Reaction formation

Adopting the opposite of one’s true feelings or impulses.

Rationalization

Justifying unacceptable thoughts or behaviors with logical reasons.

Repression

Pushing distressing thoughts out of conscious awareness.

Projection

Attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings to others.

Identification

Adopting characteristics of someone else to cope with emotions or situations.

Isolation

Separating thoughts from feelings; emotional separation.

Introjection

Incorporating others’ values or standards into oneself.

Modifiable risk factors

Behaviors or exposures that can be changed to reduce disease risk.

Nonmodifiable risk factors

Conditions that cannot be changed (e.g., genetics, ethnicity, age, family history).

Primary prevention

Intervening before negative health effects occur.

Secondary prevention

Detecting and treating preclinical changes to reduce disease impact and disability.

Tertiary prevention

Aiming to reverse, minimize, or delay the effects of disease or disability.

Social determinants of health

Five broad, interconnected categories that influence health: genetics, behavior, environmental and physical influences, medical care, and social factors.

Genetics (determinant)

Genetic factors that influence health risks and outcomes.

Behavior (determinant)

Individual behaviors and lifestyle choices that impact health.

Environmental and physical influences (determinant)

Environmental factors like air, water, housing, and physical surroundings affecting health.

Medical care (determinant)

Access to and quality of medical care and preventive services.

Social factors (determinant)

Socioeconomic status, education, social support, and community resources that influence health.