social cognitive theory

social cognitive theory

theory by bendura that says we learn behavior by watching and immitating people around us particulary role models

vicarious reinforcement

learning by seeing someone else get rewarded or punished

retention

remembering the behavior

motor reproduction

being physically able to copy the behavior

self efficacy

belief in your own ability to succeed at a task

bandura 1961 study aim

to investigate if children would imitate aggression modeled by an adult and wether they more likely to imitate same sex models

bandura 1961 study sample

72 children ( 36 boys 36 girls ) aged 3-6 years

bandura 1961 study procedure

children watched adults act aggressively , non aggresively or not at all towards a bobo doll / then they were put in a room with toys ( but not allowed to play ) to create frustration

bandura 1961 study results

children who saw the aggressive model were more aggressive , same sex imitation was stronger - boys were more aggressive , especially after male model

bandura 1961 study conclusion

behavior can be learned through observation ( sct supported ) children imitate what they see , especially when the model is similar to them like same gender

bandura 1961 study strenghts

high internal validity / utlizing matched pair design (each person in one group is paired with a similar person in another group.) reduced participants bias

bandura 1961 study limitation

ethical consideration = exposing children to aggression / low ecological validity

charlton et al 2002 study aim

to investigate wether exposure (experiencing something.) aggressive TV would increase aggressive behavior in children

charlton et al 2002 study sample

children from the isalnd St helena , before and after tv introduced

charlton et al 2002 study procedure

observation / used camera in playgrounds / interviews

charlton et al 2002 study results

no increase in aggressive behavior even though children were exposed to violent Tv programs

charlton et al 2002 study conclusion

Tv alone doesnt lead to aggression . SCT is not automatic - other factors like social norms and enviroment play a role

charlton et al 2002 study strenghts

high ecological validity / triangulation = more reliable finding

charlton et al 2002 study limitations

low generalizability / results might be culture specific