Circuits and Instrumentation Quiz 1

ME254

What is the the primary purpose of the Kline-McClintock formula in the realm of instrumentation uncertainty?

Estimating the total uncertainty from multiple sources

The precision of a measurement method across different conditions or entities is assessed by:

Reproducibility

If a digital thermometer can detect temperature changes as small as 0.05°C, what is this characteristic called?

Resolution

What refers to the ability of an instrument to give consistent readings?

Precision

What does the settling time of a system indicate?

The time required for the system's output to stay within a specified percentage of its final value.

What term describes an instrument's ability to maintain its performance consistently over a period of time?

Stability

What characteristic defines the performance of an instrument when the instrument reaches steady-state value?

Static

If a system has a high failure rate, it is likely to have:

Low reliability

Why is the Hold phase crucial in the ADC process?

It provides time for the ADC to convert a stable input.

Which device inherently has a discrete resolution due to its binary nature?

Digital ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)

An instrument that consistently measures values above the true value likely has an issue with:

Accuracy

What is the ideal internal resistance of an ammeter?

Zero ohms

Which term describes a region within which an instrument doesn't produce an output or response to changes?

Dead Band

A microphone is primarily categorized as which of the following?

1. Sensor

2. Transducer

3. Amplifier

4. Modulator

Transducer

An instrument that remains unaffected by mechanical vibrations and maintains a consistent output over time is said to have:

High Stability

What term refers to the smallest change in a quantity that an instrument can detect?

Resolution

If a temperature sensor produces a voltage change of 50 μV for every 2°C change in temperature, what is its sensitivity?

25 μV/∘C

To improve the resolution of a digital device, one might consider:

Increasing the number of bits used in the representation

According to the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, a continuous signal can be fully reconstructed from its samples if it's sampled at a rate:

At least twice the highest frequency present in the signal.

Which of the following best describes a sensor?

1. A device that converts sound waves into electrical signals

2. A device that converts one form of energy to another.

3. A device that detects or measures a physical property.

4. A device that amplifies electrical signals.

A device that detects or measures a physical property.

If an individual takes multiple readings of an object's weight on the same scale within a few minutes and observes varying results, this variability is a test of:

Repeatability

What term refers to the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item, under the same conditions, and in a short period of time?

Repeatability

What characteristic refers to the time taken by the instrument to respond to a change in input?

Speed of Response

If measurements are closely grouped but far from the true value, they are:

Precise but not Accurate

What term refers to the span between the minimum and maximum values that an instrument can measure or output?

Range