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61 Terms

1

Light

Light is a kind of energy that can travel through space in a form of wave.

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2

what are the colors in white light

red orange yellow green blue indigo violet

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3

Dispersion

Is a kind of refraction which provided us colors of light. it is observed when white light passes through a prism

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4

Prism

A prism is a transparent optical element with flat and polished surfaces that disperses light usually a prism has a triangular base and rectangular sides

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5

Prisms can be made from

Transparent materials like glass, plastic, fluorite

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6

Rainbow

A rainbow is caused by both the reflection and refraction of light in water droplets on the Earth's atmosphere

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7

frequency of light wave

Refers to the number of waves that move past a certain point in one second

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8

Frequency

Generally measured in Hertz, the units of cycles per second

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9

Wave frequency

is related to wave energy. The more energy in the wave, the higher it's frequency. The lower the frequency the less energy in the wave

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10

When it comes to light waves ______ has the highest energy

Violet

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11

When it comes to light waves, ______had the lowest energy

Red

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12

How can u measure wavelength?

Peak to peak, trough to trough, it between two consecutive corresponding points of waves

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13

The shortest wavelength is

Violet

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14

The longest wavelength is

Red

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15

Refraction

Is the bending of light when it travels from one medium to another.

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16

Optical density

Is the measurement of a component’s ability to slow the transmission of light this change in speed is manifested by the bending of the light ray

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17

A known indicator of the optical density of a material is

The index of refraction

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18

index of refraction of a material

Is a quantity that compares the speed of light in a material to it's speed in a vacuum

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19

Light travels from air to the prism

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20

The angle of incidence (0¹)

Is greater than the angle of refraction (0²)

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21

the incoming ray is called the

Incident ray from medium 1

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22

The outgoing ray is the

Refracted ray in medium 2

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23

Associated angles

angle of incidence and the angle of refraction

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24

In terms of frequency and energy of colors, blue, indigo, and violet are the ones with the

Highest frequency and energy

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25

what color is the one with the lowest frequency and energy. It is the color that is bent the least

Red, and violet is the most bent

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26

Reflection

Is usually described as the turning back of a wave as it hits a barrier.

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27

Echo

Is an example of a reflected sound.

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28

Reverberation

Refers to the multiple reflections or echoes in a certain place

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29

Echo sounding

Is another application of sound reflection

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30

The speed of sound in dry air at 0°c

around 331 m/s

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31

Temperature

Is a measure of hotness or coldness of an object

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32

All matter has molecules or atoms which are constantly moving; thus they have

Kinetic energy

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33

phase change

When the temperature of substance changes, it's molecular structure and movement also change

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34

Fusion or melting

Is the process that causes a solid change to it's liquid state.

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35

Heat of fusion

The amount of heat required to produce this change

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36

Solidification or freezing

When water boils, evaporation takes place

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37

Condensation

When water vapor releases heat, it's gas state changes to the liquid state through

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38

Sublimation

is the process of transforming a substance from the solid phase directly to the gas state without passing the liquid phase and requires additional energy

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39

deposition

is the process Of the transforming a substance from gas to solid without passing the liquid phase and requires a release of energy.

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40

Heat

is an-energy form that transfers From a body of higher temperature to another body of lower temperature.

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41

Internal Energy

is the total energy in a body

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42

the three common temperature scales are

celsius, fahrenheit and kelvin

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43

Who introduced the Celsius scale

Anders Celsius in 1741

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44

Who introduced the fahrenheit scale

Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1724

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45

Who introduced the third temperature scale aka kelvin scale

William thompson in 1848

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46

What is the freezing point of water and boiling point in Celsius

the freezing point of water is 0°C while it's boiling point is 100°C having 100 intervals between two reference points

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47

What is the freezing point and boiling point of fahrenheit scale

The freezing point is 32°F and the boiling point is 212°F having 180 intervals between two reference points

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48

What is the freezing point and boiling point of water in kelvin scale

The freezing point of water is 273K, while it's boiling point is 373K

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49

Circuit

a system that of electrical conductors and components forming a complete and closed path

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50

Conductor

conducts electricity since, it offers little or no resistance to the flow of electrical current like metals, alloys, water, it allows the flow of current

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51

Electrical conductor

substances or materials that allows electricity to flow through it.

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52

Ohm's Law

one of the basic and important laws of electric circuits is Ohm's Law Ohm's Law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current Flowing through it

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53

Electric current (1)

is the rate of Flow of electric charges from one point to another in a circuit.

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54

Electric current is measured in

Amperes (A)

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55

Voltage

Is what makes a current move mathematically voltage is given by, V = w/q

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56

Electrical Resistance (R)

is the opposition to the flow of current by the conducting wire.

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57

Conductivity

is the property of matter that allows current to flow.

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58

Electrical resistance is measured

in ohm’s (o), named after Georg Simon Ohm

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59

Resistor

An electronic device that is designed to resist the flow of current

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60

The relationship among voltage, current and resistance is summarized by

Ohm's law

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61
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