Product Design Modelling Test

Graphical Modelling

A visualization of an idea, often created on paper or through software.

Physical Modelling

3D representation of a design

Virtual Modelling

CAD drawing

Why do designers use graphical modelling

Used to simplify the data and present it in such a way that understanding of what is being presented aids further development or discussion and its used as a tool to explore creative solutions and refine ideas from the technically impossible to the technically possible, widening the constraints of what is feasible.

2D forms of graphcial modelling

Diagram, flow chart, rendered sketch, concept sketch

3D forms of graphical modelling

CAD model, Perspective Drawing, Isometric Drawing, Orthographic Projection, and Exploded/assembly Drawing

why might a deisgner make a grpahical model

To simplify complex data and present it in a way that aids understanding, thus facilitating further discussion and development.

To explore creative solutions and refine ideas, expanding the boundaries of what is technically possible.

As a tool for visualizing concepts and engaging stakeholders in the design process.

Function of physical modelling

• Allows us to quickly identify and solve problems

• Design isn’'t a linear process- you don’t know the solution fromt he start so you need to test, be wrong, go beyond

• research your TA

• Allows us to understand how something feels- how comfortable, heavy , easy to use and how it works

Types of physical modelling: Scale modelling

a proportional copy of an object/product, which aids visualization, and is used in architecture–to access the structure of the building + aesthetics of interiors.

Types of physical modelling: Aesthetic Modelling

a model that looks, and often feels like the intended final product. They are often used for ergonomic testing and evaluating visual appeal.

Types of physical modelling: Mock-ups

is used to test new ideas and is a full-size or scaled representation of the product, made to receive user feedback to iterate the design. It lets you test your ideas/concept, identify flaws and see the aesthetic representation. It can be considered a prototype if the mock-up includes functionality.

Types of physical modelling: Prototyping

a model built to test a concept or process, or to act as an object to be replicated or learned from. Prototypes can be developed at a range of fidelity and for different contexts.

Functional Prototypes

A sample or model built to test a concept or process or to learn from (to improve), through design and interactions w/ user.

Low fidelity+ function

• Mock up of the idea– still far from final product. 

• Used in the early stages of the project

• Ensure content is correct. 

• The user can provide input
  and feedback.

Medium fidelity+ function

• Includes functional aspects of the final product. 

• Allows for rapid iterations based on user feedback.

• Used to test ease of use and functionality.

High Fidelity+ function

• Closely represents the functionality of the final product.

• Full scale working prototype.

• Durable enough to be testable and used by the user group to gather usability data.

Function of Virtual modelling

it’s used to create detailed digital representations of objects or systems to visualize them, analyze their functionality, and test their performance under various conditions before physical production.

Types of Virtual modelling: Surface Modelling

it’s sometimes called a rendering, and only communicates information about the aesthetics or surface of the design, like texture

Types of Virtual modelling: Solid Modelling

an accurate digital model of an object, which includes mechanical functionality. Materials are assigned to each part, all parts are given constraints/relationships, therefore they are fully functional, and can be animated.

Types of Virtual Modelling: Animation

the process of linking graphic screens together to simulate motion to test functionality of a new product. Computer animation can show how a product retracts, moves, folds or interacts, with other parts and can help reduce risk before manufacturing

Types of Virtual Modelling: Finite Element Analysis (FEA)

involves calculating and simulating of unknown factors of products using CAD. For example, simulating stresses within a welded car part. FEA is used to predict weaknesses, failures, or stress points, and to save time and money.

Purpose of Computer Aided Design

It involves the use of computers to create, modify, and analyze a design.

• helps designers create both 2D and 3D designs to better visualize the representation of products.

• enables the development, modification,
  and optimization of the design process.

• also allows engineers to create accurate simulations and quickly modify them as the need arises

Benefits of Computer Aided Design

• Increases productivity

• Higher quality designs

• Reduce and easily change designs

• Product analysis and simulation

• Improved collaboration / communication

• Reduce manufacturing processes

• Reduce product costs

conceptual modelling

cons of graphical modelling

cons of virtual modelling