USH 10,11,13.4

Homestead Act 1862

set aside 44 million acres for poor whites and free blacks. most land was swampy and unsuitable

Exodusters

freed slaves that moved west

John Chivington

union colonel who led sand creek massacre, hundreds of natives dead

Sitting Bull

resisted US expansion, helped defeated Custer at Little Big Horn, killed during Ghost Dance

George Armstrong Custer

defeated and killed at the battle of Little Big Horn, Republican

Assimilation

forcing native Americans to become more american

Dawes Act 1887

Americanization and assimilation, former reservation divided and individualized

Battle of Wounded Knee

ghost dance and death of Sitting Bull, 300 unarmed natives massacred

Life of a Cowboy

low economic status, drawn by westward expansion and knowledge of hearding

Joseph Glidden

invented barbed wire, impacted the development and settlement of the American west

Golden Spike

last spike added to mark completion of the first transcontinental railroad

Soddy

house made of sod, common for settlers on the treeless Great Plains

Morrill Land Grant Act 1862

provided land grants for states to establish colleges relating to agriculture and mechanical arts

Hatch Act 1887

agriculture experiment station funding using land from another act

Inflation

prices for good and services rise over time, caused by too much demand, rise in production cost, change in value of a dollar

Oliver Hudson Kelley

founded the National Grange to support farmers through education, community, and advocacy for economic and social wellness

Populist Party

political party of farmers and laborers. caused by railroads and bankers who abused power. influenced democrats

Bimetallism

free silvers, belief that government should use both gold and silver to back paper money because the inflation would most likely make it easy for farmers to pay off debt

William Mckinely

president during the industrial revolution, opposed bipetallism and appealed to business and banker people, thought bimetallism would cause inflation and instability “cross of gold” speech

farmers mad at Rail Road industry

reasons for this: High freight rates, discriminatory pricing

Mary Elizabeth Lease

woman who said: what you farmers need to do is raise less corn and more hell

Oliver Hudson Kelley 1867

founded the Grange to support farmer education

Bland Allison Act 1878

required the US Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver each month and put it into circulation as silver dollars

Populism 1892

supported the rights and powers of the common people

Panic of 1893

• overpopulation in the railroad industry

• bank failures

• run on gold reserves

• decreased agricultural prices

• high unemployment