Epidemiology Lecture Notes

Flashcards about Epidemiology

In the definition of epidemiology, 'distribution' refers to:

Who, When, Where

In the definition of epidemiology, 'determinants' generally includes all EXCEPT:

Control measures, Sources

Epidemiology, as defined in this lesson, would include which of the following activities?

Describing the demographic characteristics of persons with acute aflatoxin poisoning in District A; Comparing the family history, amount of exercise, and eating habits of those with and without newly diagnosed diabetes; Recommending that a restaurant be closed after implicating it as the source of a hepatitis A outbreak

Epidemiologists are interested in learning about:

The causes of diseases and how to cure or control them, The frequency and geographic distribution of diseases, The casual relationships between diseases

Diseases that are always present in community, usually at a low, more or less constant frequency are classified as having an pattern:

Endemic

Prevalence refers to:

The number of existing cases of a disease or health condition, or deaths in a population at some designated time

Count refers to:

The number of cases of a disease or other health phenomenon being studied

The occurrence of new disease or mortality within a defined period of observation in a specific population is:

The occurrence of new disease or mortality within a defined period of observation in a specific population

Epidemiology is a study of:

Distribution, Determinants, Frequencies of health related events

Basic components of epidemiology are:

Frequency, Distribution, Determinants

Regarding epidemiology which one is false:

Epi means epidemic

In distribution of study place means all EXCEPT:

Socioeconomic status

Time means to determine:

To record fluctuations in disease occurrence

Descriptive epidemiology helps to determine all EXCEPT:

Suggest treatment of disease

Analytical epidemiology helps to determine all EXCEPT:

To determine person, place and time of study; Interrelation between agent, host and environment

Agent can be of following nature:

Physical, Chemical, Biological, Mechanical

Incidence means:

Total number of new cases occurring within a specific time period

Prevalence means:

Total number of old + new cases

Which of the following is a stage of primary prevention:

Specific protection, Awareness to people about disease

Which of the following is not a type of observational study:

Randomized control trials

Descriptive studies have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

Always involve comparison

Which of the following is not an advantage of case studies:

Good to generalize

All are true for cross sectional surveys EXCEPT:

also called incidence study

Analytical studies help us study All EXCEPT:

Prevalence of study

Main types of analytical studies are

Comparative cross sectional studies, Case control study, Cohort study

Case control study are:

Retrospective study

Advantage of a case control study are all EXCEPT:

Good for common phenomenon

Limitations of case control study is:

Based on objective history; Could be biased, Prevalence rate of study cannot be determined

Cohort study is:

Type of analytical study, Provides evidence or support, Employs large groups

Advantages of cohort study are all EXCEPT:

Less costly

Disadvantages of cohort study are all EXCEPT:

Diagnostic criteria remains same with time, It may be biased, Large number of participants are required

Randomized control trials are:

Interventional studies, Involve control group, Study intervention or exposure, Study development of study

Process of randomized control trials involve all of the following EXCEPT:

None of above

Ancient theory of disease cause is:

Miasmatic theory

Following is true about germ theory:

Formulated by Louis Pasteur

Multifactorial causation involves:

Coronary heart diseases, Lungs cancer, Mental illness, Diabetes mellitus

Web of causation model involve all of the following EXCEPT:

Not suitable for chronic diseases

Which of the following is a property of spurious causation:

Study non real association

Indirect association involves:

Mixing with a 3rd factor

Direct association:

Also called casual association, Involves two variables, If one is present other must be present

The advantages of sampling involves all EXCEPT:

Study takes more time

Types of probability sampling are :

None of above

Types of non probability sampling are:

Quota

Disadvantages of probability sampling are all of the following EXCEPT:

Less authentic

Disadvantages of non-probability sampling are all of the following EXCEPT:

None of above