General Anatomy upper extremity

how many phalanges are there

14

how many metacarpals are there

5

how many carpal bones are there

8

how many bones are in the hand

27

what do the head of the metacarpal bones articulate with

the base of the phalanges

from radial to ulnar name the proximal carpal bones

scaphoid/navicular

lunate

triquetrum

pisiform

from radial to ulnar side name the distal row of carpal bones

trapezium/greater multangler

trapezoid/ lesser multangler

capitate/ os magnum

hamate/ unciform

what is the largest carpal bone

capitate/ os magnum

what is the most palpable carpal bone

scaphoid/ navicular

what is the senetnce to remember the carpal bones

Sacred Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrum

Pisiform

Trapezium

Trapezoid

Capitate

Hamate

what is the hook like process on the hamate

hamulus

label this image

A) trapezium
B) trapezoid
C) capitate
D) hamate
E) scaphoid
F) lunate
G) triquetrum
H) pisiform

label this image

A) Distal Interphalangeal Joints DIPS

B) Proximal Interphalangeal Joints PIPS

C) metacarpalphalangeal joints MCPJ

what is the interphalangeal joint of the 1st digit

an IP

what are the joints in between metacarpals at their bases

intermetacarpal joints

what are carpometacarpal joints

between bases of metacarpals and distal carpal bones

what kind of joint is the 1st carpometacarpal and between what bones is it

between thumb and trapezium

saddle/ sellar

what are the 2nd-4th carpometacarpal joints classified as

plane/ gliding

what are the joints between carpal bones called

intercarpal

what is the flexor retinaculum (carpal tunnel) attached laterally and medially to

laterally to scaphoid & trapezium

medially to hamulus & pisiform

what are sesamoid bones

small circle bones that develop in tendons

what is the anatomical snuff box

radial fossa

scaphoid and trapezium form floor

where does a bennetts fracture happen

base of first metacarpal

where does a boxers fracture happen

5th metacarpal

what kind of fracture happens at the distal radius, ulnar styloid with posterior displacement

colles

what fracture happens at the distal radius & ulnar styloid with anterior displacement

smiths (reverse colles)

what is a torus/ buckle fracture

bulging of periosteum

what are the 2 radioulnar joints

proximal and distal

what are the 2 beak like process in the proximal ulna

olecrenon process

coranoid process

is the olecrenon process anterior or posterior? Coranoid process?

olecrenon: posterior

coranoid: anterior

what notch is inbetween the olecrenon & coranoid process

trochlear

what is the notch on the ulna that the radial head fits into

radial notch

what are the 2 anatomies on the distal end of the ulna

ulnar head

styloid process

what are the 3 things on the proximal end of the radius

head

neck

tuberosity

what are the parts of the distal radius

styloid process

what is the flat part at the distal end of the radius and what does it articulate with

carpal articular surface

articulates with carpal bones

what is the notch on the distal end of the radius where the ulnar head fits into

ulnar notch

is the styloid process on the radius lateral or medial

lateral

what are the structures that make up the distal humeral condyle

medial epicondyle

coranoid fossa

trochlea

lateral epicondyle

radial fossa

capitulum

is the capitulum medial or lateral on the humerus and what does it articulate with

lateral

radial head

is the trochlea medial or lateral on the humerus

medial

is the coranoid medial or lateral and what does it sit above

medial sits above trochlea

is the radial fossa lateral or medial and what does it sit above

lateral sits above capitulum

where is the ulnar groove

on humerus below medial epicondyle

what is the olecrenon fossa

on humerus posterior groove that olecrenon process goes into

what are the parts of the proximal humerus

head

anatomical neck

greater tubercle

lesser tubercle

surgical neck

intertrabecular groove

body

deltoid tubercle

where does the greater and lesser tubercle sit on the proximal humerus

greater: lateral

Lesser: anterior

where is the surgical neck on the proximal humerus

below tubercles

whats the most common fractures site on the humerus

surgical neck

what is the muscle attachment for the deltoid

deltoid tubercle

what joints makes up the elbow joint proper

proximal radioulnar joint

humerulnar joint

humeroradial joint

what makes the humeroulnar joint

between trochlea& trochlear notch

what makes the humeroradial joint

head of radius and capitulum

what are the 3 fat pads in the elbow and where do they sit

posterior: in olecrenon fossa

anterior: anterior to distal humerus

supinator: anterior to proximal radius

what is the sid for a hand/ digit x ray

40in

what is the patient position for digits 2-5

PA hand

lateral of digit

PA oblique of digit

what is the CR entrance point for PA hand

perpendicular to 3rd MCPJ

what should the collimation be for a PA hand

whole hand and 1-1.5 inches of radius & ulna

what should the hand look like if theres no rotation

see concavities of metacarpal and phalangeal shafts & open joint spaces

what is the CR entrance point for digits 2-5

perpendicular to PIP

what projected is used for the lateral view of digits 2&3

mediolateral

what is the projection used for the lateral view of digits 4&5

lateral to medial

what anatomy should be included in the image of affected digit

distal phalynx to distal portion of metacarpal

what is the CR entrance point for a PA oblique of digits 2-5

perpendicular to PIP

what are the essential projections for the thumb

PA hand

lateral

AP thumb

what is patient position for AP thumb projection

extreme internal rotaion

finger nail in contact with IR

what is the CR entrance point for AP thumb

1st MCPJ perpendicular

what anatomy is included in AP thumb projection

entire thumb to trapezium

whats the other name for the scaphoid

navicular

whats the other name for the trapezium

greater multangler

whats the other name for the trapezoid

lesser multangler

whats the other name for the capitate

os magnum

whats the other name for the hamate

unciform

label this image

A) proximal radioulnar joint

B) olecrenon process

C) ulna

D) radius

E) humerus

F) radial head

G) humeroulnar joint

label this image

A) olecrenon process

B)head
C) neck
D) radial tuberosity
E) body
F) radial styloid process
G) ulnar styloid process
H) head
I) body
J) trochlear notch
K) coronoid process
L) radial notch

label this image

A) greater tubercle
B) intertubecular groove
C) lesser tubercle
D)body
E) lateral epicondyle
F) radial fossa
G) capitulum
H) trochlea
I) coronoid fossa
J) medial epicondyle
K) humeral condyle
L) surgical neck
M) anatomical neck
N) head

label this image

A) humerus
B) capitulum
C) humeroradial joint
D) radial head
E) radius
F) ulna
G) proximal radioulnar joint
H) coronoid process
I) humeroulnar joint
J) trochlea