chp 14 define terms

Adrenergic Receptors

G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the effects of catecholamines like adrenaline and noradrenaline, categorized into alpha (α) and beta (β) subtypes.

Beta Blockers

Medications that block the effects of catecholamines at beta receptors, used to treat hypertension, anxiety, heart failure, and certain arrhythmias.

Cholinergic Receptors

Receptors that respond to acetylcholine, classified into nicotinic and muscarinic types.

Hypertension

A chronic condition of high blood pressure that can lead to serious health complications, treated with lifestyle changes and medications.

Neostigmine

An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that increases acetylcholine levels in the synaptic cleft, used for managing myasthenia gravis and countering muscle relaxants.

Parasympathetic System

A division of the autonomic nervous system that promotes rest-and-digest activities, conserving energy and slowing the heart rate.

Raynaud’s Phenomenon

A condition characterized by episodes of vasospasm leading to discoloration of fingers and toes, often secondary to other conditions.

Sympathetic System

A division of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight-or-flight' responses, increasing heart rate and mobilizing energy reserves.

Tricyclic Antidepressants

A class of medications used to treat major depressive disorder by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine.