USA: A Nation of Contrasts for Eduqas History GCSE

American Dream

National ethos of the United Sattes, a set of ideals including democracy, rights, liberty and equality, and equal opportunity to get rich.

Rugged Individualism

The belief that all individuals, or nearly all individuals, can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal

Laissez Faire

abstention by governments from interfering in the workings of the free market

Open Door

Anyone is allowed in without any checks or quotas.

Melting Pot

Different cultures melting together to form one common culture.

Ellis Island

Busiest immigration inspection and processing station in the United States.

1917 Literacy Test

Required immigrants to be atleast fluent in English, limiting the number of people who could immigrant.

1921 Immigration Act

Restricted the number of immigrants admitted from any country annually to 3% of the number of residents from that country living in the United States as of the 1910 Census.

1924 Immigration Act

Banned Asian immigrants and total immigrant was capped to 165,000. Reduced from 3% to 2%.

Quota System

a system, originally determined by legislation in 1921, of limiting by nationality the number of immigrants who may enter the U.S. each year.

Xenophobia

dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries.

Anarchists

someone who believes that government shouldn’t exist

Red Scare

a fear of communism and anarchism that came around.

Communism

the belief that everyone should be equal, in salary, social class and possessions.

Palmer Raids

Raids conducted during late 1919 and early 1920 to catch and arreest suspected socalists, anarchists and communisms and deport them from the United States.

Sacco and Vanzetti

Two italian immigrants who were controversially convicted of murdering Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick Parmenter.

Religious Fundamentalism

Taking the bible literally

Bible belt

Group of southern American states who deeply believe in Catholicism

Johnny Scopes

Teacher from Tennesee, taught Darwin’s theory when it was illegal

Monkey Trial

A trial to see if Darwin’s Theory of Evolution could be taught in schools.

Native Americans

The Native inhabitants of America

Slavery

The capturing of black people for forced labour

Segregatiuon

Seperating people based on race

Jim Crow Laws

Laws permitting the seperation of people based on race

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People.

William du Bois

Founder of NAACP

UNIA

Universial Negro Improvement Association

Marcus Garvey

Political Activist, founded UNIA

KKK

Far right terrorist organisation who killed black people

Temperance Groups

Wanted a ban against alcohol

Anti-Saloon league

Group of people who protested against bars

Wets

Anti-prohibition

Dries

Supported prohibition

Volstead Act

Set alcohol limit at 0.5%

18th Amendment

Banned alcohol

21st Amendment

Revoked the 18th

Speakeasy

Illegal clubs that sold alcohol

Moonshine

DIY Alcohol

Bootlegger

Made and sold alcohol illegally

Al Capone

Mobster from Chicago, became very rich from selling alcohol

Chicago

Home of mobsters and crime bosses.

St Valentine’s Day Massacre

Murdering of competition in Chicago by Al Capone

Warren Harding

29th President, was bribed a lot.

Ohio Gang

Friends of Warren that bribed him for oil money.

Teapot Dome Scandal

Was a bribery scandal involving the administration of United States President Warren G. Harding from 1921 to 1923

Hire Purchase

Method of finance, installment plan

Credit

Money borrowed from a bank to buy stuff with, paid back over time.

Mass production

The making of a product done mass scale

Assembly Line

Efficent way for creating goods.

Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Law that raised tariffs on imported goods

Protectionism

Government policies which limit international trade to help domestic industries

Woodrow Wilson

American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921

On the belt

On the production line

Overproduction

Too much of a product is produced, more then demand

Market Saturation

No more in demand so no more profits

Stocks and shares

Buying and selling parts of ownership of a company

Wall Street

Where you buy and sell shares

Speculation

Prediction of the stock market

Black Thursday

Day the wall street crash began, panic selling.

Wall Street Crash

Crash of stocks and shares due to panic selling

Buying on the margin

Buying assets by borrowing money and then paying off the loan by profiting on the asset.