Week3_ADM2372_Data&Knowledge Management_v2

What are the three levels of data in the hierarchy of data?

Bit, Byte, Field

Define Data Governance.

An approach to managing information across an entire organization, ensuring data is available, transparent, and useful.

What are the advantages of relational databases?

Advantages include data integrity, data consistency, and structured query capability.

What is 'Big Data'?

Large volumes of diverse data, which may be structured or unstructured, requiring new processing methods.

What is the main purpose of a data warehouse?

To aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository for decision-making.

What hierarchical structure is referred to for data, information, and knowledge?

Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom hierarchy.

What are the basic characteristics of Big Data?

Volume, Velocity, Variety.

What is the difference between explicit and tacit knowledge?

Explicit knowledge is documented information; tacit knowledge is gained through experience.

What is a data mart?

A smaller, more focused version of a data warehouse tailored to a specific business unit.

What causes data rot?

Loss of data relevance or access due to hardware failures or outdated systems.

Define Knowledge Management (KM).

A process that helps manage and utilize important knowledge within an organization.

What are data silos?

Isolated data repositories that prevent access to data across the organization.

What is the difference between primary key and foreign key in databases?

A primary key uniquely identifies a record; a foreign key links records between tables.

What does ETL stand for in data management?

Extract, Transform, Load.

What is a challenge when managing data in an organization?

Data may be unstructured or come from multiple sources leading to inconsistency.

What is online analytical processing (OLAP)?

A category of software technology that enables analysts to perform multi-dimensional analysis of business data.

Define a database.

A structured collection of data that allows for easy access, management, and updating.

What does data normalization refer to?

The process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy.

What is an example of a common Knowledge Management tool?

Document management systems.

What does a relational database management system minimize?

Data redundancy, isolation, and inconsistency.

What kind of data do data lakes typically store?

Raw, unstructured, or semi-structured data for later analysis.

Describe data governance in brief.

Provides a framework for making data useful and reliable in an organization.

What is the purpose of querying a relational database?

To retrieve specific information from the database based on certain criteria.

What defines Big Data according to Gartner?

Diverse, high-volume, high-velocity information assets requiring new forms of processing.

Identify one benefit of implementing a knowledge management system.

Improved sharing of valuable knowledge throughout an organization.

Explain 'data decomposition.'

The process of breaking down a database into structured layers to improve efficiency.

What is a ‘data warehouse’ used for?

To store historical data for analysis and support decision-making.

What does 'data integrity' refer to?

The accuracy and consistency of data within a database.

Define 'multidimensional databases'.

Databases designed to store data in multiple dimensions to facilitate complex queries.

What is the significance of 'metadata' in data management?

Data that provides information about other data, helping to manage and locate it.

How does a data lake differ from a data warehouse?

Data lakes store vast amounts of raw data without structure; data warehouses store processed, structured data.

What are the negative implications of data silos?

They hinder data sharing and can lead to inefficient operations.

What does BI stand for?

Business Intelligence.

Identify one key challenge of knowledge management systems.

Weak systems for locating and retrieving captured knowledge.

What are unstructured data?

Data that does not have a predefined data model or organization, making it more complex to analyze.

Define ‘data decay’.

The process through which data becomes obsolete over time.

What is a ‘data cube’?

A multi-dimensional array of values, typically used to represent data in a form helpful for decision-making.

What does the acronym ‘NoSQL’ refer to?

Non-relational database management systems designed for scalable data storage.

Explain the importance of a 'schema' in databases.

A schema defines the structure of the database, including the tables, fields, and relationships.

What is the goal of data analysis?

To find useful patterns and insights in data to support decision-making.

Who are typically the main users of data lakes?

Data scientists and data engineers.

What is the value of dark data to organizations?

It holds potential insights and historical information that can be valuable if harnessed.

Define 'machine learning' in the context of Big Data.

An AI technology that enables systems to learn from data patterns to make predictions.

List one characteristic of a successful Knowledge Management system.

It should facilitate easy access to stored knowledge.

How are transactional databases different from analytical databases?

Transactional databases support routine operations, while analytical databases are designed for analysis and reporting.