Monoclonal antibodies

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5 Terms

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What are antibodies produced by?

White blood cells called lymphocytes

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How can lymphocytes be triggered to produce antibodies?

  1. Lab rats are injected with an antigen, causing them to produce antibodies.

  2. These antibody lymphocytes can be collected.

  3. We fuse them to tumour cells, turning them into hybridomas.

  4. We select a single hybridoma cell that produces the antibody we want. It then divides by mitosis into identical clones.

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Monoclonal antibodies are…

Specific to one binding site on one protein antigen

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What 4 ways can monoclonal antibodies be used?

  • Testing for pregnancy (detects hormones from baby)

  • Measuring hormone levels in blood

  • Locating/identifying specific molecules in a cell tissue

  • Treat diseases like cancer (radioactive substance/toxic drug is attached to the monoclonal antibody, which attaches to the cancer cell and stops them growing and dividing.)

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What is the downside of monoclonal antibodies?

They can have very harmful side effects