History- HTP Part 2 > Renaissance Britain: 1500-1800 - The beginnings of a change

Andreas Vesalius

1514, Belgium

-improved knowledge of anatomy through challenging Galen’s ideas and dissecting humans

Improvement in Knowledge

Printing Press> in 1436, spread knowledge and accessible

William Harvey

1578, Kent

-discovered heart makes blood makes blood circulate around body (proved Galen wrong)

Ambrois Pare

1510, France

ARMY SURGEON for 20 years

• designed artificial limbs, ointment for gunshot wounds, ligatured (silk thread)

Nicholas Culpepper

1653 > “The Complete Herbal”

• wrote it in English so common people could heal themselves

• been in print for the longest after the bible

John Hunter

1728, Glasgow

“Founding Father of Modern Surgery”

• did precise dissection, anatomical research, grave robber

became surgeon to the king + mad Museum of Anatomical Curiosities

What did John Hunter do in 1775

-successfully performed removal of a facial tumour 2x the size of the head with no pain

Edward Jenner

Gloucester 1749

-deliberately infected with smallpox at 8

-trained under JOHN HUNTER

-invented a medicine to reduce bloodletting, and used blood as fertiliser

symptoms of smallpox

• killed 1 in 4

• causes a rash

• 1 in 3 became blind

What did Edward Jenner do in 1796

-VACCINATION FOR SMALLPOX

• found a milkmaid with cowpox

• infected James Phipps (8) with cowpox and then smallpox

• showed no symptoms for smallpox

Why did people not believe Jenner at first

Because he was a country doctors and elite doctors didn’t believe him. He was also rejected by the Royal Society of Medicine

When was smallpox announced as eradicated

1980