Chapter 31 American Pageant

Bolshevik Revolution

A 1917 revolution in Russia that led to the rise of the Soviet Union and the spread of communism.

Red Scare of 1919-20

A period of intense fear of communism and radical leftism in the United States following the Bolshevik Revolution.

Mitchell Palmer

The U.S. Attorney General who led the crusade against suspected radicals and communists during the Red Scare.

Sacco and Vanzetti

Two Italian immigrants accused of murder in the 1920s, whose trial highlighted tensions between immigrants and nativists.

Emergency Quota Act of 1921

Legislation that restricted immigration based on national quotas, favoring immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe.

Immigration Act of 1924

An act that further tightened immigration restrictions by lowering quotas and using the 1890 census, negatively impacting new immigrants.

Prohibition

The period during which alcohol was banned in the United States; led to increased organized crime and illegal activity.

St. Valentine's Day Massacre

A 1929 gangland murder of seven members of Chicago's North Side Gang, attributed to Al Capone's criminal organization.

Scopes Monkey Trial

A 1925 legal case in which a teacher was tried for teaching evolution in violation of Tennessee law, symbolizing the conflict between religion and secularism.

Taylorism

A theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows to improve economic efficiency, especially in production.

The Jazz Singer

The first successful talking picture, released in 1927, marking the beginning of the talkie era in the film industry.

Flappers

Young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional gender norms by wearing short dresses, cutting their hair, and engaging in behaviors such as smoking and drinking.

Marcus Garvey

A Jamaican political leader and activist who promoted the resettlement of African Americans in their own homeland in Africa.

Bull Market

A financial market condition characterized by rising prices and optimism, leading to an increase in investor buying.

Bear Market

A market condition characterized by falling prices and pessimism, often connected to economic downturns.