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Paralanguage
The vocalized but not verbal part of a spoken message.
Gestures
Non-vocal and nonverbal since most of them do not refer to a specific word.
Ambiguity in Nonverbal Communication
Can be linked to multiple meanings and do not have any specific meaning.
Credibility of Nonverbal Communication
We trust people more from their actions than words.
Language Barriers
When a person has not yet learned to speak or loses the ability to speak.
Mixed Messages
When verbal and nonverbal communication contradicts each other, leading to uncertainty and confusion on the part of receivers.
Deception
Typically thought of as the intentional act of altering information to influence another person, which means that it extends beyond lying to include concealing, omitting, or exaggerating information.
Identities
Conveyed nonverbally through the way we set up our living and working spaces, the clothes we wear, the way we carry ourselves, and the accents and tones of our voices.
Artifacts
The objects and possessions that surround us also communicate our identities.
Adaptors
Touching behaviors and movements that indicate internal states typically related to arousal or anxiety, targeted toward the self, objects, or others.
Emblems
Gestures that have a specific agreed on meaning within a cultural context.
Oculesics
Study of eye behaviors and movements in communication.
Facial Expressions
Help set the emotional tone and can communicate a range of emotions.
Vocalics
The study of paralanguage which includes the vocal qualities that go along with verbal messages. Accenting, substituting, regulating, contradicting, repetition, complementing are way to express your voice.
Proxemics Distances/space
The study of how space and distance influence communication.
Public Space
More than twelve feet from a person, formal and least personal.
Social Space
Four to twelve feet away, for casual conversation and professional interactions but not intimate.
Personal Space
One and a half to four feet, friendly but not intimate.
Intimate Space
None or 1.5 feet, for closest friends, family, and romantic partner.
Chronemics
The study of how time affects communication.
Nonverbal Communication
Affects our interactions and can regulate conversations.
Listening
Form of head nods, eye contact, and posture can signal that a listener is paying attention.
Impression Management
Being able to control nonverbal expressions allows us to better manage our persona.
Kinesics
The study of movement and the creation of movement with the body.
Haptics
The study of communication by touch, can be positive or negative.
Territoriality
Claiming a place to let people know it is your space.
