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Data
Is numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that describes real-world systems.
Analog
Historically, data was mostly _____, encoded as continuous variations on various physical media. Examples include vinyl records, magnetic tapes, and film.
Digital
Today, data is mostly ____, encoded as zeros and ones on electronic and magnetic media.
Database
Is a collection of data in a structured format. In principle, ____ can be stored on paper or even clay tablets. In practice, however, modern ____ are invariably stored on computers.
DBMS
Is software that reads and writes data in a database. Database systems ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and available at all times. These functions are challenging for large databases with many users, so database systems are complex.
Query Language
A ____ is a specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems.
Database Application
A ____ is software that helps business users interact with database systems.
Database Administrator
A ____ is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. A ____ enforces procedures for user access and database system availability.
Database Designer
A ____ determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure. ____ must balance several priorities, including storage, response time, and support for rules that govern the data. Since these priorities often conflict, ____ is technically challenging.
Database Programmer
A ____ develops computer programs that utilize a database.
Database User
A ____ is a consumer of data in a database. ____ request, update, or use stored data to generate reports or information. ____ usually access the database via applications but can also submit queries directly to the database system.
