Organic Chemistry Functional Groups

Vocabulary flashcards covering the names and structures of standard organic functional groups.

Alkyl halide

An organic functional group with the structure $R-X$.

Alkene

An organic functional group containing a carbon-carbon double bond ($C=C$).

Alkyne

An organic functional group containing a carbon-carbon triple bond ($R-C \equiv C-R$).

Alcohol

An organic functional group with the structure $R-OH$.

Ether

An organic functional group with the structure $R-O-R$.

Thiol

An organic functional group with the structure $R-SH$.

Sulfide

An organic functional group with the structure $R-S-R$.

Aromatic (or arene)

An organic functional group characterized by an aromatic ring structure.

Ketone

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to two $R$ groups.

Aldehyde

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to an $R$ group and a hydrogen atom ($H$).

Carboxylic acid

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to an $R$ group and a hydroxyl group ($-OH$).

Acyl halide

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to an $R$ group and a halogen atom ($X$).

Anhydride

An organic functional group featuring two carbonyl groups bonded to a central oxygen atom.

Ester

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to an $R$ group and an $-O-R$ group.

Amide

An organic functional group featuring a carbonyl group attached to an $R$ group and a nitrogen group.

Amine

An organic functional group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to $R$ groups.