CR1 Intro to Dental Anatomy

What are the first set of teeth called?

Primary (deciduous) dentition

When does the primary dentition begin to form

prenatally at around 14 weeks in utero

When is the primary dentition completed

postnatally at 3 years of age

What is the second set of teeth called

permanent (succedaneous) dentition

How long does the transition/mixed dentition period last

between 6 and 12 years old

What are the first to be shed in the primary dentition

the deciduous incisors

What are the first permanent teeth to emerge

The first permanent molars and the permanent incisors

What are the last primary teeth to be shed

the deciduous molars and canines

What are the last permanent teeth to emerge

the permanent canines, premolars, and second molars

When is the permanent dentition complete

around 14-15 years of age

EXCEPTION: third molars usually emerge between 18-25 years old

How many teeth are in both the primary and permanent dentition

20 in the primary

32 in the permanent

What is the dental formula for the mammalian primary dentition

For each half arch:

2 Incisors on the top, 2 on the bottom

1 canine on the top, 1 on the bottom

2 molars on the top 1 on the bottom

What is the formula for the mammalian permanent dentition

For each half arch:

2 incisors on the top, 2 on the bottom

1 canine on the top, 1 on the bottom

2 premolars on the top, 2 on the bottom

3 molars on the top, 3 on the bottom

Complete the “universal” system of notation for the primary dentition

Complete the Zsigmondy/Palmer system notation for the primary dentition

Complete the universal system notation for the permanent dentition

Complete the Zsigmondy/Palmer notation for the permanent dentition

Complete the Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) system notation for primary teeth

Complete the Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) system notation for permanent teeth

What is the crown covered in

Enamel

What is the root covered in

cementum

Where do the crown and root meet

at the cementoenamel junction (AKA cervical line)

What makes up the main bulk of the tooth

dentin

What makes up the pulp cavity

pulp chamber + pulp canal

pulp chamber is the crown of the tooth

pulp canal is in the root of the tooth

What are the four tissues of the tooth

enamel

dentin

cementum

pulp

Enamel, dentin, and cementum are known as what type of tissues

hard tissues

Pulp is known as what type of tissue

soft tissue

Label the following parts of an incisor

A: apex of root

R: root

CL: cervical line/cementoenamel junction

C: crown

IE: incisal edge/incisal ridge

What is the portion of the tooth that support the tooth

the alveolar process

What is the bone of the tooth socket called

alveolus

Label the longitudinal section of the anterior tooth

A: Apex

AF: apical foramen
SC: supplementary canal

B: bone

C: cementum

PM: periodontal ligament

PC: pulp canal

G: gingiva

GC: gingival crevice

GM, gingival margin

PCH, pulp chamber

D, dentin

E, enamel

CR, crown

Label the longitudinal section of a posterior tooth

A, Apices

PC, pulp canal

PCH, pulp chamber

PH, pulp horn

F, fissure

CU, cusp

CEJ, cementoenamel junction

BI, bifurcation of roots

How many surfaces do the crowns of incisors and canines have

4 surfaces and 1 ridge

How many surfaces are on the crowns of premolars and molars

5 surfaces

What are the surfaces of the incisors and canines called

labial surface

buccal surface

lingual surface

incisal surface (ridge)

mesial/distal surface

labial+buccal = facial surfaces

mesial/distal = proximal surfaces

What are the surfaces of the premolars and molars called

labial surface

buccal surface

lingual surface

occlusal surfaces

mesial/distal surface

labial+buccal = facial surfaces

mesial/distal = proximal surfaces

Label the sagittal section of the maxillary incisor

Label the sagittal section of the mandibular incisor

Cusp

an elevation or mound on the crown portion of the tooth

makes up part of the occlusal surface

Tubercle

smaller elevation on a portion of the enamel formed by extra formation of enamel

Cingulum

the lingual lobe of an anterior tooth

makes up the bulk of the cervical third of the tooth

Ridge

any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth

Marginal Ridges

rounded borders of enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of tooth

Triangular ridges

descend form tips of cusps of premolars and molars toward central part of the occlusal surface

Transverse ridge

formed by the joining of a buccal and lingual triangular ridge

Oblique ridge

a ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars and formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and the distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp

Lingual fossa

concavity on the lingual side of an incisor

Central fossae

occlusal surface of molars formed by converging ridges at a central point

Triangular fossae

found on molars and premolars on the occlusal surfaces mesial/distal to the marginal ridges

Sulcus

a long depression between the ridges and cusps of a tooth

Developmental groove

shallow groove between the primary parts of the crown or root

Supplemental groove

shallow depression on the surface of a tooth BUT does not mark the junction of primary parts

Buccal/Lingual grooves

developmental grooves on the buccal and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth

Label the landmarks on the first maxillary molar

BCR, Buccocervical ridge

BG, buccal groove

MBC, mesiobuccal cusp

SG, supplemental groove

TF, triangular fossa

MLC, mesiolingual cusp

DG, developmental groove

DLC, distolingual cusp

OR, oblique ridge

DMR, distal marginal ridge

DBC, distobuccal cusp

CF, central fossa

Label the landmarks of the maxillary lateral incisor

CL, Cervical line

CI, cingulum (also called the linguocervical ridge)

MR, marginal ridge

IR, incisal ridge

LF, lingual fossa

Label the landmarks of the maxillary first premolar

MR, Marginal ridge

S, sulcus traversing occlusal surface

CR, cusp ridge

BCR, buccocervical ridge

Label the occlusal view of the first premolar

CR, Cusp ridge

TR, triangular ridges

Trans R, transverse ridge

Label the occlusal view of the first molar

Trans R, Transverse ridge

TR, triangular ridge

P, pit formed by junction of developmental grooves

SG, supplemental groove

DG, developmental groove

TR, triangular ridge

Label the mandibular first molar

MLC, Mesiolingual cusp

MMR, mesial marginal ridge

MBC, mesiobuccal cusp

MBG, mesiobuccal groove

BCR, buccocervical ridge

CF, central fossa

DBG, distobuccal groove

DBC, distobuccal cusp

DC, distal cusp

TR, triangular ridge

DLC, distolingual cusp

TRR, transverse ridge

Pits

pinpoint depressions at the junction of developmental grooves or at terminals of grooves

Central pit

pit in central fossa of molars where developmental grooves join

Lobe

primary formation in the development of the crown

Mamelon

any of the three rounded protuberances on the incisal ridges of newly erupted incisors

How many roots do anterior teeth have

one

Maxillary second premolars and mandibular first and second premolars have how many roots

one

How many roots do maxillary premolars have

two (buccal and lingual)

How many roots do mandibular molars have

two (mesial and distal)

How many roots do maxillary molars have

three (mesiobuccal, distobuccal, lingual)

What are the 3 different ways that a tooth crown can be divided

inciso/occlusocervically

mesiodistally

labio/buccolingually

How is the crown of the molar/premolar divided (occlusocervically)

occlusal third

middle third

cervical third

How is the root of any tooth divided (horizontally)

cervical third

middle third

apical third

How is the crown of the molar/premolar divided (buccolingually)

buccal third

middle third

lingual third

How is the crown of the incisor divided (incisocervically)

incisal third

middle third

cervical third

how is the crown of the incisor divided (labiolingually)

labial third

middle third

lingual third

How are the crowns of all teeth divided (mesiodistally)

mesial third

middle third

distal third

Line angle

the junction of two surfaces of a tooth

What are the line angles of the anterior teeth

mesiolabial

distolabial

mesiolabial

distolabial

labioincisal

linguoincisal

What are the line angle of the posterior teeth

mesiobuccal

distobuccal

mesiolingual

distolingual

mesio-occlusal

disto-occlusal

bucco-occlusal

linguo-occlusal

Point angle

formed by the junction of three surfaces

What are the point angles of the anterior teeth

mesiolabioincisal

distolabioincisal

mesiolinguoincisal

distolinguoincisal

What are the point angles of the posterior teeth

mesiobucco-occlusal

distobucco-occlusal

mesiolinguo-occlusal

distolinguo-occlusal

Summary of Maxillary teeth measurements for drawing/carving teeth

Note: in mm

Summary of Mandibular teeth measurements for drawing/carving teeth