simple patterns of Inheritance and Genetics L9

Flashcards covering key concepts in genetic inheritance, Mendelian laws, and specific genetic disorders.

Mendel's Law of Segregation

The principle stating that two copies of a gene segregate from each other during the transmission from parent to offspring.

Genotype

The genetic composition of an individual, which may be homozygous or heterozygous.

Phenotype

The physical or behavioral characteristics of an individual resulting from gene expression.

Punnett Square

A diagram used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.

Dihybrid Cross

A genetic cross that examines the inheritance of two different traits.

Testcross

A cross conducted to determine the genotype of an individual showing a dominant phenotype.

Pedigree Analysis

A method used to track the inheritance of traits in families over generations.

X-linked Inheritance

A type of inheritance in which a gene is located on the X chromosome.

Cystic Fibrosis

A genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele characterized by respiratory and digestive system problems.

Huntington Disease

An autosomal dominant genetic disorder that results in the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain.