Crude oil and organic chemicals

What is a hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule which contains hydrogen and carbon only

how is crude oil formed

Crude oil is formed by the decay of dead marine organisms that form over millions of years

What are the characteristics of products that gather at the bottom of the fractioning column

High boiling point

Harder to burn

More viscous

Burns with smokier flame

What is crude oil

Crude oil is a mixture of different sized hydrocarbons

Why do the larger hydrocarbons have higher boiling points

As the have stronger intermolecular bonds

What is fraction

A fraction is a similar set of molecules that share a similar size to each other

What is combustion

Combustion is making something react oxygen

What is partial combustion

It forms carbon monoxide + water

What is full

what is an alkane

* CnH2n+2


* it i s described as a saturated molecule as it only has single bonds

what is an alkene

CnH2n

they are unsaturated as they form one set of double carbon bonds

how many bonds does carbon, hydrogen and oxygen make

c=4

h=1

o=2

1 carbon atom prefix

meth

2 carbon atom prefix

eth

3 carbon atom prefix

prop

4 carbon atom prefix

but

5 carbon atom prefix

pent

what is an isomer

a molecule with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

what are the 3 types of reactions

addition reaction, adding bromine, adding polymerisation

describe an addition reaction

* alkenes have double bonds making them reactive when reacting with h2


* the double bonds break and create one overall product


* its used for margarine

describe adding bromine reaction

* bromine is added across a double bond to create a bromoalkene
* a colour change happens from orange/ brown to colourless

describe addition of polymerisation

monomer units ( alkene) join together to form a polymer

how to dispose of plastics

incineration ( burn it)

landfill

recycle