GEAS (chem. And material science

Solid to Liquid

Melting

Liquid to Solid

Freezing

Liquid to Gas

Vaporization

Gas to Liquid

Condensation

Gas to Solid

Deposition

Solid to Gas

Sublimation

Changing State of Matter

1. Melting

2. Freezing

3. Vaporization

4. Condensation

5. Deposition

6. Sublimation

Ratio of the number of moles per kg of solvent

Molality

Molecular weight in grams per liter of solution

Formality

Equivalent weights of solute per liter of solution

Normality

Species with the same mass number but different atomic number (upper right or exponent)

Isobars

Species with same atomic number but different mass number (Lower left or left sub)

Isotopes

Species with same isotopic number ( may kapareho lahat na number mapa A,P,N)

Isodiaphers

Species with same number of electrons

Isoelectronic

Species having same number of atoms and same number of electrons

Isosters

The first four most abundant elements in the earth crust

1. Oxygen

2. Silicon

3. Aluminum

4. Fe or Iron

An elemental solid having a different crystal structure, usually due to the prevailing temperature and pressure

Allotrope

It may be thought of in terms of helical planar

Screw Discocation

Steel in an alloy of iron and carbon with limits on the amount of carbon to less than _____ percent

2

What is the process of forming continuous shapes by forcing a molten polymer through a metal die?

Extrusion

What is the most undesirable of all elements commonly found in steels

Phosphorus

Generic name class of polymer know ‘nylon’

Polyamide

Which 2 element will display the most similar chemical properties

Lithium and potassium

An element that has a high first ionization energy and is chemically inactive would most likely be

A noble gas

As the elements of period 2 are considered from left to right, there is generally a decrease in

Metallic character

The molecules of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide differ by multiple of the mass of one oxygen

Law of Definite composition

The elements that most actively react with water to release hydrogen

Alkali metals

When most fuels burn, the products include carbon dioxide and

Water

Which of the following elements normally exist as monoatomic molecules?

He or Helium

The complete lossof an electron of one atom to another atom with the consequent formation of electrostatic changes is referred to as

Ionic bond

What is the maximum number of electrons held in the d orbitals?

10

The bond that includes an upper and a lower sharing of electron orbitals

Pi bond

Can be expressed in grams per liter of a gas

Density

What do you call solutions having the same osmotic pressure?

Isotonic solutions

What is the term used to describe hydrocarbons containing single covalent bond between carbon atoms?

Alkanes

The elements in Group 0 in the periodic table is called

Noble gas

Bases will turn red litmus paper to what color?

Blue

Which of the following refers to the diffusion of a solvent into a stronger solution in an attempt to equalize the two concentrations?

Osmosis

Dielectric is another name for

Insulator

“At the same, pressure and temperature, equal volumes of all gasses contain equal number of molecules” This is known as

Avogadro’s Law

Which of the following refers to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atm?

Atomic weight

What is the smallest subdivision of an element of compound that can exist in a natural state?

Molecule

The name of this group is the chalcogen (oxygen) family

Group VI A

The fragmentation of a crystal along a characteristic crystallograph direction, caused by lines of weakness in constituent atomic groups

Cleavage

A bond formed by the sideways overlap of two parallel p orbital

Pi bond

This indicator turns into colorless if the substance is acidic

Phenolphthalein

A chemical structure with definite formula for which there exists one or more distinct structures with the same formula

Isomer

A theory which treats bonding as an overlapping of ligand orbitals with those of the central atom

Molecular orbital theory

Known as fool’s gold

Pyrite

It is the hardest substance known

Diamond

The splitting of water to form hydrogen and oxygen

Hydrolysis

It has no definite composition whose members are composed of two or more substances, each retaining its own identifying properties

Heterogeneous mixture

A chemical compound having one or more unpaired electrons which capable of bonding with another compound

Free radical

The mineral name for common table salt

Halite

Any process that involves the loss of electrons

Oxidation

Elements normally found in combination with iron and nickel

Siderophile

Any substances that changes the rate of reaction without being used up

Catalyst

A/An ____ of chemical substances is by definition, the number in grams corresponding to the atomic or molecular mass

Mole

A reaction in which an unstable reaction intermediate is found

Concentrated reaction

A reaction for which the difference between enthalpies of formation between products and reactants is positive

Endothermic

The __ is the heat released of absorbed in a chemical reaction at constant pressure when simple substances combine into a more complex substances

Enthalpy of Formation

Characteristic based upon the reaction of a substance with other materials

Chemical property