Skull bones

Movable Bones

Movable Bones

Auditory ossicles and mandible

Sutures

Immovable joints fusing skull bones together

Frontal bone

Form forehead, roofs of orbits, most of anterior part of cranial floor

Parts:

Frontal Squama: Scalelike plate forming forehead

Supraorbital Margin: Thicker bone around orbits

Supraorbital foramen: hole medial to midpoint of supra orbit margin

Frontal sSinuses: Deep to frontal squama

Left and right united by metopic suture that disappears by 6-8 years

Two Parietal Bones

Form sides and roof of cranial cavity, internal surfaces of bones feature many protrusions and depressions for blood vessels supplying dura matter covering brain

Sagiital suture: Connect left and right parietal bones

Coronal Suture: Connect parietal bones and frontal bone

Lambdoid suture: connect parietal and occipital bones

Two Temporal Bones

Form inferior lateral aspects of cranium and parts of cranial floor

Temporal Squama: Thin, flat part of the bone

Mastoid process: Posterior and inferior to ear

Mastoid process: Attachment for neck muscles

Internal auditory feature: for nerves

Petrous portion: Floor of cranium, houses internal and middle ear, carotid and jugular foramen

Zygomatic process: Forms zygomatic arch with temporal process of the zygomatic bone

Mandibular fossa: Articular tubercule to form joint with mandible

Styloid Process: Muscles and ligaments for tongue and cheek

Occipital Bone

Forms Posterior part and base of cranium

Foramen Magnum: Passage for spinal cord, arteries

Occipital Condyles: Form joint with atlas

External occipital protuberance: For attachment of ligaments

Superior and inferior nuchal Lines: Muscle attachment

Cerebral and cerebellar fossae: Accommodation for brain

Sphenoid Bone

Middle part of skull base; cranial floor, posterior and slightly superior to nasal cavity, connects with frontal bone, temporal bones, occipital bone

Sphenoid sinus: Drains into nasal cavity

Sella Turcica: Houses pituitary gland

Greater wingsL Floor and walls of cranium

Lesser wings: part of floor and posterior part of orbit

Optic canal: For optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

Pterygoid Process: Muscle of mandible

Ethmoid Bone

Anterior to sphenoid and posterior to nasal bones

Forms: Part of cranial floor, medial wall of orbits, superior part of nasal septum most of superior sidewalls of nasal cavity

Cribriform Plate: Roof of nasal cavity

Olfactory foramina: For olfactory nerves

Crista Galli: Attachment for membranes that separate brain hemispheres

Ethmoid Sinuses: Between nasal cavity and orbits

Nasal Conchae: Increase surface area covered by mucus membranes, warms, moisturizes, cleans air

Two Nasal Bones

Form bridge of the nose

Two Maxillae

Form upperjaebone, form floor of orbits, lateral walls and floor of nasal cavity, most of hard palate

Maxillary Sinuses: Empties into nasal cavity

Alveolar processes: Contain alveoli for teeth

Palatine Processes: Form hard palate, fuse at 10-12 weeks of fetal development

Infraorbital forâmena: For infraorbital and trigeminal nerves and vessels

Incisive formen: Behind incisor teeth

Two zygomatic bone

Cheekbones; form lateral walls and floors of orbits

Temporal process: Make zygomatic arch with zygomatic process of temporal bone

Two Lacrimal Bones

Posterior and lateral to nasal bones; form medial walls of orbits

Lacrimal fossa: Houses lacrimal sac for tears

Two palatine bones

Form posterior part of hard palate, floor, and lateral walls of nasal cavity, floor of orbits

Horizontal Plate: Forms hard palate

two inferior nasal conchae

Part of lateral parts of nasal cavity

Lined with mucosa; warm and filter air

Vomer

Forms inferior portion of nasal septum

Mandible

Lower jawbone;movable

Body: Horizontal portion

Rami: Perpendicular portion

Angle: ramus meets body

Condylar process: Articulates with fossa and tubule of temporal bone

Coronoid Process: Attachment of muscles

Mental foramen: Inferior to second premolar; for mental nerve

Mandibular foramen: For alveolar nerves and vessels

Lateral and Frontal View Of Skull

Superior and Inferior View Of Skull

Posterior View Of Skull