AA chains/ and categories

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27 Terms

1
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AA with Aliphatic Side Chains[NONPOLAR]; longer hydrocarbon chains are more hydrophobic; proline is neither very hydrophobic nor very hydrophilic

Glycine[GLY] Alanine[ALA] Valine[VAL] Leucine[LEU] Isoleucine[ILE] Proline[PRO]

<p>Glycine[GLY] Alanine[ALA] Valine[VAL] Leucine[LEU] Isoleucine[ILE] Proline[PRO]</p>
2
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AA with Aromatic Side Chains

Phenylalanine[PHE] Tyrosine[TYR] Tryptophan[TRP]→ more hydrophobic

<p>Phenylalanine[PHE] Tyrosine[TYR] Tryptophan[TRP]→ more hydrophobic</p>
3
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AA with Hydroxyl-Containing Side Chains

Serine[SER] Threonine[THR]→ also Tyrosine b/c it has a hydroxyl even though it belongs in aromatic

<p>Serine[SER] Threonine[THR]→ also Tyrosine b/c it has a hydroxyl even though it belongs in aromatic</p>
4
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AA with Sulfur-Containing Side Chains→ metabolize differently

Cysteine[CYS] Methionine[MET]

<p>Cysteine[CYS] Methionine[MET] </p>
5
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AA with “Basic” side Chains→ predominate at pH 7

Lysine[LYS] Arginine[ARG] Histidine[HIS]

<p>Lysine[LYS] Arginine[ARG] Histidine[HIS]</p>
6
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AA with “Acidic” Side Chains and Amides→ predominate at pH 7

Aspartate[ASP] Glutamate[GLU] Asparagine[ASN] Glutamine[GLN]

<p>Aspartate[ASP] Glutamate[GLU] Asparagine[ASN] Glutamine[GLN]</p>
7
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POLAR, non-charged amino acids

Serine[SER] Threonine[THR] Tyrosine[TYR] Glutamate[GLU] Asparagine[ASN] Cysteine[CYS]

<p>Serine[SER] Threonine[THR] Tyrosine[TYR] Glutamate[GLU] Asparagine[ASN] Cysteine[CYS] </p>
8
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Glycine[GLY]→ conditionally non-essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p>
9
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Alanine[ALA]→ non-essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p>
10
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Valine[VAL]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p>
11
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Leucine[LEU]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p>
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Isoleucine[ILE]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p>
13
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Methionine[MET]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

Sulfur Containing

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p><p>Sulfur Containing</p>
14
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Proline[PRO]→ conditionally non-essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]→ neither very hydrophobic or philic

cyclical

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]→ neither very hydrophobic or philic</p><p>cyclical</p>
15
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Phenylalanine[PHE]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

Aromatic

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p><p>Aromatic</p>
16
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Tryptophan[TRP]→ essential

Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]

Aromatic

most hydrophobic of aromatic

<p>Aliphatic[NONPOLAR]</p><p>Aromatic</p><p><strong>most hydrophobic of aromatic</strong></p>
17
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Asparagine[ASN]→ Conditionally non-essential

POLAR→ non-charged

Acidic

<p>POLAR→ non-charged</p><p>Acidic</p>
18
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Glutamine[GLN]→ conditionally non-essential

POLAR→ non-charged

Acidic

<p>POLAR→ non-charged</p><p>Acidic</p>
19
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Serine[SER]→ conditionally non-essential

POLAR→ non-charged

Hydroxyl Containing

<p>POLAR→ non-charged</p><p>Hydroxyl Containing</p>
20
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Threonine[THR]→ essential

POLAR→ non-charged

Hydroxyl Containing

<p>POLAR→ non-charged</p><p>Hydroxyl Containing</p>
21
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Tyrosine[TYR]→ conditionally non-essential

Aromatic

Hydroxyl Containing[but mostly aromatic]

POLAR→ non-charged

<p>Aromatic</p><p>Hydroxyl Containing[but mostly aromatic]</p><p>POLAR→ non-charged</p>
22
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<p>Cysteine[CYS]→ non-essential</p>

Cysteine[CYS]→ non-essential

POLAR→ non-charged

Sulfur Containing

created by 2 disulfide-linked cysteine residues[important in protein folding and structure

<p>POLAR→ non-charged</p><p>Sulfur Containing</p><p>created by 2 disulfide-linked cysteine residues[important in protein folding and structure</p>
23
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Aspartate[ASP]→ non-essential

Acidic

POLAR→ negative charged

<p>Acidic</p><p>POLAR→ negative charged</p>
24
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Glutamate[GLU]→ non-essential

Acidic

POLAR→ negative charged

<p>Acidic</p><p>POLAR→ negative charged</p>
25
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Lysine[LYS]→ essential

Basic

POLAR→ positive charge

<p>Basic</p><p>POLAR→ positive charge</p>
26
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Arginine[ARG]→ essential

Basic

POLAR→ positive charge

<p>Basic</p><p>POLAR→ positive charge</p>
27
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Histidine[HIS]→ essential

Basic

POLAR→ positive charge

<p>Basic</p><p>POLAR→ positive charge</p>