EHST Exam 2

What term has been used to describe people who are forced to leave their homeland due to environmental issues such as soil erosion, deforestation, or desertification?

Environmental refugees

On a worldwide basis, what activity is the most significant cause of land degradation?

Overgrazing

What best management practices are recommended by the Natural Resources Conservation Service to reduce erosion on agricultural lands?

Terraces, Windbreaks, Grass waterways

What is the single greatest cause of deforestation?

Clearing for agriculture

Which country has lost the highest average amount of forested area per year from 1990 to 2015?

Brazil

What environmental issues have occurred in developing nations as a result of the energy crisis?

All options are correct

Which ecosystems are considered 'wetlands'?

Marshes, Swamps, Ponds, Bogs

Approximately what percentage of America's original wetlands acreage has been lost to development?

50%

Which state has the largest expanse of wetland habitat?

Alaska

What state lost the greatest percentage of wetland habitat?

California

What is the single greatest threat to biodiversity today?

Habitat destruction

How many endangered animal species were there as of 2018?

715

Why was the Asian Carp initially brought into the United States?

Control algae levels in catfish ponds/lakes

What law is the most effective method for ensuring the survival of native plants and animals?

Endangered Species Act

What is the most common method of municipal refuse disposal in the US?

Sanitary landfills

What is incorrect about bioreactors?

Bioreactors have shorter lifespans than sanitary landfills

Municipal governments may provide _______________ for its citizens to increase recycling participation.

Curbside collection

What does 'grass-cycling' mean?

Leaving grass clippings on the lawn after mowing to reduce yard waste sent to landfills.

What is the fastest-growing segment of the North American recycling industry?

Electronic wastes

What major federal environmental law was passed in 1976 to manage wastes safely?

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

What problem did the 'Superfund' program address?

Abandoned hazardous waste sites

Which federal agency implements the nation's hazardous waste program?

US Environmental Protection Agency

How often does the Public Health Service recommend refuse collection in residential areas?

Weekly and Daily from restaurants, hotels, and large apartment complexes.

What is the best and cheapest way to reduce municipal solid wastes?

Source reduction

Which pest is responsible for the most human deaths due to vectors?

Mosquitos

What is the most common route of transmission (vector) of the plague?

Rat fleas

The following diseases are associated with tick bites except: _______.

Dengue fever

What are considered 'general' types of pesticides?

All options are correct

What is the most commonly used type of pesticide?

Herbicides

What mosquito-borne disease is most threatening to the US?

West Nile Virus

Which vector-borne disease spread by body lice is the deadliest?

Typhus fever