⚖️ FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

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Last updated 4:32 AM on 9/18/26
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9 Terms

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INTERNAL ENERGY CHANGE (ΔU)

Sum of heat added and work done on system; ΔU = q + w

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FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Energy conserved; change in system internal energy = heat in + work done on system

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POSITIVE q

Heat enters system

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NEGATIVE q

Heat leaves system

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POSITIVE w

Work done ON system by surroundings

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NEGATIVE w

Work done BY system on surroundings

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POSITIVE ΔU

Net energy gain; internal energy increases

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NEGATIVE ΔU

Net energy loss; internal energy decreases

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STATE FUNCTION

Property dependent only on initial/final states, not path; U, H, T, V are state functions