GCSE Year 10 Combined Science Biology AQA - Cell division and stem cells

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Last updated 9:02 PM on 9/12/26
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11 Terms

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Chromosomes

Made of DNA and found in the nucleus. Body cell chromosomes are normally found in pairs.

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Cell cycle

Cells grow, increase sub-cellular structures, replicate DNA, then divide.

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Mitosis

One set of chromosomes is pulled to each end and the nucleus divides.

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Result of mitosis

Two genetically identical cells for growth, development, repair and replacement.

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Stem cell

Undifferentiated cell that can divide to produce more stem cells and differentiate into specialised cells.

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Embryonic stem cells

Can differentiate into most types of human cells.

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Adult bone marrow stem cells

Can form many cell types including blood cells.

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Plant meristems

Can differentiate into any type of plant cell throughout life.

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Stem cell uses

Potential treatment for diabetes/paralysis; plant cloning for rare species and crops.

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Stem cell risks/ethics

Risk of viral transfer and ethical/religious objections to embryo

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use.