Cellular Respiration and ATP Flashcards

Flashcards covering cellular respiration, glycolysis, and ATP function based on the provided lecture notes.

Cellular Respiration

The process by which cells break down glucose (food) and convert its stored chemical energy into ATP, a form of energy that cells can readily use.

Aerobic Cellular Respiration Word Equation

Glucose + Oxygen $\rightarrow$ Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP

Aerobic Cellular Respiration Chemical Equation

$$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{ATP}$$

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The rechargeable energy currency of the cell that provides usable energy required to perform cellular activities.

Glycolysis

The process occurring in the cytoplasm where one 6-carbon glucose molecule is broken into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules.

Glycolysis Location

The cytoplasm of the cell.

Glycolysis Simplified Equation

Glucose $\rightarrow$ 2 Pyruvate + ATP + NADH

Active Transport

The cellular process of moving substances against their concentration gradient across the cell membrane using ATP.

Muscle Contraction

A process in which ATP provides energy for muscle cells to contract and produce movement.

Motor Proteins

Proteins powered by ATP that move materials and organelles within cells.

Cell Division

A process requiring energy from ATP for cells to grow, copy their DNA, and divide.

Building Molecules

The synthesis of proteins, DNA, and other important molecules powered by ATP energy.