APUSH Chapter 2

Chattel Slavery

is a system in which individuals are treated as personal property to be owned and bought.

Neo-Europeans

were colonial settlers sought to create societies that resembled their homelands in Europe, often adapting European cultural practices and agricultural techniques in new environments.

Encomienda

Spanish colonial system that granted colonists the legal right to demand forced labor and tribute from indigenous groups. In exchange, the Spanish were required to protect the native people and convert them to Christianity

Caste System

is a hierarchical social structure that emerged in colonial Latin America, categorizing individuals based on race and ethnicity.

Columbian exchange

The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

Joint-Stock Corporation

An early type of corporation where many people chip in money to fund a big project. Instead of one person risking everything, the cost and risk are split among all the investors. If the project makes money, everyone gets a share of the profit.

House of Burgess

The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America.

Royal Colony

A territory ruled directly by a king or queen through a governor chosen by the monarch.

Freehold

The complete and permanent ownership of a piece of land for an unlimited amount of time

Headright System

Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America

Indentured Servitude

A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination