Renal Disorders Concept Map

This set of flashcards focuses on key terms and definitions related to renal disorders, ideal for exam preparation.

Acute Renal Failure (ARF)

Sudden loss of kidney function with decreased GFR and accumulation of nitrogenous wastes, reversible if treated promptly.

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)

Progressive, irreversible destruction of nephrons leading to uremia.

Glomerulonephritis

Inflammatory damage to glomeruli following streptococcal infection due to immune complex deposition.

Nephrotic Syndrome

Increased glomerular permeability causes massive protein loss in urine, often leading to generalized edema.

Pyelonephritis

Infection of renal pelvis and medulla, often caused by ascending bacteria from the bladder.

Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder mucosa due to infection, commonly caused by E. coli.

Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones)

Crystals form from supersaturated urine which obstruct flow and cause severe pain.

Uremia

A condition involving elevated waste products in the blood due to kidney failure.

Oliguria

Decreased urine output, often a sign of renal failure.

Anemia

A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, often seen in chronic renal failure.

Metabolic Acidosis

An abnormal decrease in pH due to accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate, commonly seen in renal disorders.