Embalming II

Closing the trocar opening can be accomplished best by (select all that apply)

reverse suture

a trocar button

purse-string suture

The heart and lungs are located in the

thorax

Cranial purge is (select all that apply)

rare

generally a liquid or semisolid purge as a result of damage to the temporal bone

The trocar can

Frequently clog

Aspiration with a trocar must be orderly and include fanning in

3 levels of depth

Drainage is the combination of (select all that apply)

blood

arterial solution

lymphatic fluids

interstitial fluids

An autopsy aspirator

has large sized openings at the working end of the instrument

The center(s) of arterial distribution is/are (select all that apply)

ascending aorta

the arch of the aorta

Until the modern era of embalming, most treatment of the viscera included evisceration of thoracic, abdominal and cranial areas

true

Large solutes that are dissolved in a solution are called

colloids

The largest glandular organ in the body is the large intestine

false

The arch of the aorta is the continuation of the

ascending aorta which begins at the left ventricle

All material is removed from the hollow viscera during aspiration

false

It is not necessary to inject embalming solution under pressure

false

Cranial treatment for infants includes

use of large hypodermic needle

Rigor mortis cannot be mistaken for firming of the tissues by the arterial solution

false

The stomach does not change it's position and orientation

false

Cavity treatment can include (select all that apply)

limited treatment of abdominal cavity when ascites and/or gas is removed

limited treatment of the thorax when subcutaneous emphysema is present

Microorganisms can be transferred from one body to another through an improperly cleaned trocar

false

As solution passes through the capillaries, it draws tissue fluid into the drainage causing dehydration

true

The vascular system is a closed system

false

Embalming solution that passes through the walls of the capillaries and embalms the cells is called the

retained arterial solution

Vascular and cavity embalming is a unified process with 4 functions

false

Embalming a body zero vascular resistance will provide a well embalmed body

false

The four functions of arterial embalming are (in order)

delivery, distribution, diffusion and drainage

This portion of the intestinal system marks the beginning of the large intestine

the cecum

Osmosis is an active transport system

false

Injection pressure is the amount of pressure produced by an injection device to overcome resistance

true

If the embalming solution is too weak/dilute, the solution will rapidly pass through the capillaries

true

Reaspiration or reinjecting should not be performed

false

All material is removed from the hollow viscera during aspiration

false

Extravascular resistance examples include (select all that apply)

ascites and hydrothorax

rigor mortis

gas in the cavities

Swelling of tissues in a body that has been dead a long time occurs because

the decomposed capillary walls can no longer hold arterial solution

When injecting, the aortic semilunar valve and/or the bicuspid valve (select all that apply)

need to be closed for the arteries to fill with embalming solution

are both open, solution will flow to the lungs and can cause lung purge

When the limbs are exercised to break up rigor, many capillaries may be torn

true

Cavity embalming is a

two step process

Vascular and cavity embalming is a unified process with 4 functions

false

Stroma is

comprised of blood vessels, connective tissue, ducts and nerves

The sigmoid colon is freely movable, suspended by the sigmoid mesocolon

true

Intravascular resistance can occur when (select all that apply)

there is a blockage by blood, antemortem emboli/thrombi, and postmortem coagula

narrowing of the lumen by arteriosclerosis

In the 9 region method of mapping the abdominopelvic region utilizes

2 vertical lines upward from a point between superior iliac spine & symphysis pubis

There is no occasion when cavity treatment is not employed

false

Aspiration can be achieved using a/an (select all that apply)

electric aspirator

air pressure machine

hydro aspirator

hand pump

One of the most important transport systems in a dead body is

pressure filtration

Senile purpura (select all that apply)

is an irregularly shaped ecchymosis on the arms and backs of hands

is an intravascular discoloration and can be cleared

Glycosuria is

sugar in the urine

To help positioning an elderly person with arthritis and contracted limbs (select all that apply)

roll bath towels and place under the shoulders and hips to achieve temporary positions

place body bridges and head blocks to create a pleasing position

Diabetes mellitus is a (select all that apply)

kidney failure

group of diseases resulting in excess sugar in the blood

causes poor circulation

Ketosis

acidosis characterized by the presence of ketones

Powders are equally effective as gels and liquids

false

The lock suture (select all that apply)

works very well to prevent leakage

is ugly because it leaves a visible ridge

Maggots found on the clothing and hair can be vacuumed

true

Bridge sutures (select all that apply)

are also called individual sutures

temporarily align tissue margins until permanent sutures replace them

Periodic surveillance is also called custodial care

true

Body water ratios and fat content are higher in

infants

The use of the axillary artery is practical for efficient embalming of the entire body

false

Hyperglycemia is

excess sugar in the blood

When treating limbs affected by gangrene, arteriosclerosis and edema you can

hypodermically inject undiluted arterial or cavity fluid

Suturing of both a brachial artery and radial/ulnar arteries begins medially and proceed laterally

false

When sclerosis is present

use of the common carotid artery is the best choice

Accessory chemicals include preservative powders and hardening compounds

true

The arm positioning of children and infants should

be more relaxed than an adult and may include different positions for each arm/hand

Well-preserved tissues will not dehydrate at the rate of poorly embalmed tissues

true

The mouth, nose and anal orifice can be packed with cotton before and after arterial injection

true

Small bore needles used for hypodermic embalming includes those that have a gauge of

18-22 gauge

Embalming and Decedent Care Report should accompany all bodies being shipped or transferred

true

Infants must always be embalmed with very mild solutions and low index fluids

false

To close a needle puncture following hypodermic injection with a small bore needle, it is best practice

use of a super adhesive

The stoma is the exposed portion of the bowel of a colostomy

true

When a deceased has been treated for cardiac disease with surgery

expect edema in the facial tissues

Crepitation is caused by

clostridium perfringens, true tissue gas and subcutaneous emphysema

Recent amputations should be treated with hypodermic injectionq

true

Terminal disinfection includes (select all that apply)

the cot and anything used for the transfer

all instruments, making sure to remove all organic matter before immersion

all surfaces including those you didn't touch

all machines used

Please choose the supplemental embalming examples (select all that apply)

hypodermic embalming

surface embalming

Packing the anal orifice should be done using

cavity fluid moistened cotton followed by dry cotton

Examples of accessory chemicals include (select all that apply)

creams and gels

cautery agents

cavity fluid

Edema of the eyelids can be treated by (select all that apply)

weighted surface compresses

It is best practice to use the smallest bore needles to hide entry points, even when treating large areas

false

The continuous suture is used to permanently close lengthy incisions

false

An elderly person suspected of having a burst aneurysm you should (select all that apply)

hypodermically treat the trunk walls to insure preservation

expect little to no blood drainage, abrupt abdomen distension and a six point injection

When raising the carotid on a nonautopsied infant

turn the head in the direction opposite that of the vessels being raised

To recreate the weight of an infant with a cranial autopsy you can

form a ball of modeling clay appropriate to the size of the cranial vault

Use of inlays includes internal surface compresses to the exposed surface tissues only

false

Cachexia is

severe weight loss

Closure of a colostomy can be done using a (select all that apply)

reverse suture

N or Z suture

purse string suture

Pruritus is a condition characterized by chronic itching of the skin

true

You can readjust facial features after embalming + use glue to enhance closures of the eyes and mouth

true

Pacemakers must be removed no matter what type of disposition is chosen

false

If the facial tissues are emaciated

restricted cervical injection is recommended

When closing an autopsy, it is recommended that you use

linen thread rather than cotton, because linen thread is stronger

The abdominal aorta is possible with a nonautopsied infant

true

An example of a proper inlay would be cotton placed over the teeth or dentures and moistened by

a few drops of cavity fluid

A colostomy bag may remain in place during arterial injection

true

At birth, the body water present is approximately 75%

true

The single intradermal suture

is where the needle never passes through the epidermal tissue

To close the tissue flaps of the Y incision you should (choose all that apply)

use gathering forceps

use individual bridge sutures

align the flaps

The left subclavian artery is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery and can be distinguished from the left common carotid

false