22 - decolonization

economic dependency

when a country relies heavily on another country for trade, money, or resources

neocolonialism

when former colonial power still has indirect control over a country’s economy or political even after becoming independent

nationalization

when government takes control of private industries or resources

bandung conference

1955 meeting where asian and african countries promoted cooperation and independence from colonial rule

algerian war for independence

war between algeria and france that resulted in algerian independence

biafran civil war

a conflict in nigeria when the region of biafra tried to break away

national liberation front

FLN - the main group that fought for algerias independence from france

african union

an organization created to promote cooperation and development among african nations

frantz fanon

a writer and revolutionary who supported anti-colonial movements

kenya

east african country that gained independence from UK in 1963

nigeria

africas most populous country; gained independence from UK in 1960

igbo

an ethnic group mainly located in SE nigeria

partition of india

the division of the british india into india and pakistan, causing mass migration and violence

kwame nkrumah

leader who helped ghana gain independence and became its first prez

charles de gaulle

french leader who allowed algeria to become independent

kofi annan

ghanaian diplomate who served as secretary general of the UN

jomo kenyatta

first prime minister and prez of kenya

ho chi minh

communist leader who fought for vietnamese independence

muslim league

party that pushed for separate muslim state, leading to pakistan

west pakistan

the western region of pakistan before 1971

east pakistan

the eastern region of pakistan that became bangladesh

kashmir

territory disputed between india and pakistan

benazir bhutto

first woman to lead a muslim majority country

indian national congress

major political party that led the indian independence movement

pan africanism

a movement encouraging unity and cooperation among people of african descent

gold coast

the british colony in w. africa that became ghana

civil disobedience

peacefully refusing to obey unjust laws to create political change

salt march

a nonviolent protest led by gandhi against british salt taxes

pakistan

country created in 1947 as a muslim homeland after the partition of india

amritsar massacre

british troops killed hundreds of unarmed indian protestors

satyagraha movement

gandhis philosophy of nonviolent resistance against injustice

quit india movement

mass protest demanding the british to leave india

muhammad ali jinnah

leader who pushed for the creation of pakistan

mohandas gandhi

leader who used nonviolent resistance to fight british rule

jawaharlal nehru

key leader in the independence movement and indias first prime minister