Understanding Computer Science (WJEC)

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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25 Terms

1

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main part of a PC that processes instructions, stores data in binary, and consists of components like the controller, ALU, registers, and internal memory.

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2

Logical Operations

Fundamental operations in computer science manipulating boolean values, involving propositional logic, truth tables, and laws like Identity, Associative, Commutative, Distributive, and more.

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3

Input and Output Devices

Devices like mouse, keyboard, monitor, and printer that respectively take in information from users and relay information to users.

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4

Data Capacity

Refers to the amount of data a computer system can store, transmit, or process, measured in units like bit, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, and terabyte.

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5

Networks

Connect multiple computer systems for communication, resource sharing, collaboration, scalability, and centralized management, with types like Local Area Network and Wide Area Network.

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6

IP Addresses

Unique identifiers assigned to devices for network communication, with types like IPv4 and IPv6, assigned by DHCP server or manually.

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7

Image Representation

Images are made of pixels represented by binary numbers, with higher resolution having more pixels, and color images using bits for RGB values.

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8

Operating Systems

Manage computer systems and resources, involving RAM, process, and security management, providing user interfaces, and disk organization.

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9

Principles of Programming

High-level languages like Python and Java are easier to understand, while low-level languages like Assembly are efficient but CPU-specific, and machine code is directly executed by the CPU.

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10

Software Development Principles

Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like VS Code provide tools for creating computer programs, including editors, compilers, interpreters, debuggers, and libraries.

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11

Syntax Errors

Occur when commands don't follow expected syntax.

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12

Runtime/Execution Errors

Happen during program execution.

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13

Logical Errors

Cause incorrect output without crashing.

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14

Linking Errors

Occur when correct library isn't linked.

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15

Rounding Errors

Approximating numbers to nearest value.

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16

Truncation Errors

approximating numbers closer to zero.

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17

Lexical Analysis

Removes comments and spaces, replaces keywords with tokens, and creates a symbol table.

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18

Syntax Analysis

Checks token spelling and grammar, producing error messages for syntax errors.

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19

Semantic Analysis

validates variable declarations, data types, and legal operations.

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20

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

focuses on users interacting with computers, emphasizing usability and user experience.

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21

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

uses graphical icons for user-friendly interaction, contrasting with command-line interfaces.

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22

ASCII

character encoding standard used in computers and communication equipment to represent text and control characters

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23

Wifi Protocol

checks wifi security for user safety and data safety

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24

Ethernet Protocol

defines rules for data transmission network (LAN)

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25

Email protocol

various protocols that save data in servers and transfer it to computer systems to keep data safe and encrypted

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