Trace Minerals

Trace Minerals

Minerals needed in amounts less than 100 mg/day

Zinc (Zn)

Mineral that plays roles in cellular metabolism (carbs and alcohol), protein and DNA synthesis, growth/development, taste, and white blood cell synthesis (immunity and wound healing)

Metallothionein

Protein found in the intestine epithelial cells that binds to zinc and iron when the body has sufficient amounts present

Zinc Serum/Plasma Levels + CRP

Indicators used together to indicate zinc status (CRP is an indicator of inflammation to account for albumin binding to zinc in the blood)

Iodine (I)

Mineral essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormone (used for metabolism and development regulation)

Goitrogens

Found in raw vegetables and can reduce iodine bioavailability

Goiter

Enlarged thyroid gland due to increased TSH concentrations (present in iodine deficiency)

Selenium (Se)

Mineral that aids in antioxidant systems (glutathione peroxidase), thyroid metabolism, and immune function

Selenomethionine

The stored form of selenium found in the body

Selenocysteine

The active form of selenium in the body

Selenoproteins

Transport proteins that bind to selenium in the blood

Glutathione Peroxidase 3 and Selenoprotein P

The functional biomarkers used for selenium status (affected by inflammation)