CQ1 CH 1-3

Which compound binds the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria to the thin peptidoglycan layer?

lipoproteins

The glycan portion of peptidoglycan is composed of alternating units of which two compounds?

N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine

Which of these is included in the the Gram-positive cell envelope?

peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, and lipoteichoic acids.

The bacterial flagellum is turned by a motor using energy from:

a proton motive force

What are short fiber-like structures that protrude from the bacterial surface and are primarily used for attachment called?

Pili

When considering the structure of the fungal cell wall, which of these microbes possesses a wall with molecular similarities?

algae

Which of these features is likely to be universally displayed by Bacteria?

presence of peptidoglycan in the cell envelope

The Endosymbiotic Theory is used to explain the origin of the ____ in the eukaryal cell.

mitochondrion

Which is likely to have evolved most recently in fungi?

chitin cell wall

Which of these diseases is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

severe dysentery

The MreB protein in bacteria may play an important role in:

determining cell shape

Which region contains the chromosome in the bacterial cell?

Nucleoid

Which term describes straight, rod-shaped bacteria?

bacilli

Which term describes spherical-shaped bacteria?

cocci

What is the Endosymbiotic Theory is used to explain?

presence of mitochondria in eukaryotes

Which of these are fossilized microbial mats containing photosynthetic bacteria?

stromatolites

Approximately when did primitive cells first appear on Earth?

3.6 billion years ago

All of the following are properties that make microbes excellent models for studying basic processes in biology, except that they:

contain a very large number of genes

What are the three Domains of life?

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Which of these is the most abundant cellular macromolecule (on a dry weight basis)?

polypeptides.

Which one of the following is NOT a macromolecule?

an amino acid

Which of these is an example of a macromolecule?

a protein

The study of microbiology includes all of the following except

Plants

Which of these is considered to be the smallest unit of life?

the cell

Which term represents the history of an organism’s evolution?

phylogeny