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Stroma
fluid portion of the chloroplast where the light independent reactions take place.
Carbon Dioxide
Gas used during the light independent reactions of Photosynthesis.
RuBP
the molecule that reacts with CO2 during carbon fixation and is continually regenerated to start the Calvin Cycle.
Rubisco
enzyme that joins RuBP & CO2 during the Calvin Cycle
PGA
a three-carbon molecule formed in the first step of the Calvin cycle
G3P
molecule that is made in the Calvin cycle; glucose is formed when two of these molecules combine
Glucose
A simple sugar formed from 2, G3P molecules
Carbon Fixation (Calvin Cycle)
Three molecules of carbon dioxide are added to three molecules of RuBP.
NADP+ & ADP
molecules that are regenerated in the Calvin cycle. They go back to the light reactions to make more NADPH and ATP.
NADPH and ATP
molecules that carry energy to the light-independent reactions
Calvin Cycle
light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which stored energy used to build sugar
Sucrose, Starch, Cellulose
Sugars that can be produced from the Calvin Cycle
Oxygen
gas produced by during the light dependent reactions
sunlight
main source of energy to power the light dependent reactions
Photosystem II
light capturing molecule that contains chlorophyll and absorbs light first during the light dependent reactions
Photosystem I
light capturing molecule that contains chlorophyll and absorbs light secondary during the light dependent reactions
ETC II
process that moves electrons down the thylakoid membrane after PS II
ETC I
process that moves electrons down the thylakoid membrane after PS I
ATP Synthase
The enzyme that make ATP from ADP from moving H+ ions
H+ gradient
difference in ions that drives the ATP synthase to make ATP
water
split by enzymes, necessary to make oxygen, release electrons, and create an H+ gradient
NADP+
in photosynthesis, the major electron carrier involved in electron transport that accepts electrons
NADPH
electron carrier, full of high-energy electrons made from the light dependent reactions
ATP
main molecule of energy made from ATP synthase during the light reactions.
ADP
a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group
primary electron acceptor
in chloroplasts, an acceptor of electrons, found in the thylakoid membrane, starts the ETC
thylakoid
A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, site of the light dependent reactions
thylakoid membrane
membrane in a chloroplast where the light reactions of photosynthesis occur
Chlorophyll
Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis
Photosystem
A cluster of chlorophyll
Chemiosmosis
The H+ ions released create a gradient that Drives ATP.
Products of light reactions
NADPH ATP and 02
Where do light dependent reaction occur
The thylakoid
Where are chloroplast found in a plant
Mesophyll cells
when water is split it releases?
Oxygen and H+ ions
once water is split the Electrons travel through the?
Electron transport chain
Energy that is lost during ETC is used to?
Pump H+ ions along the gradient to create Atp enzymes
what happens at the end of light reactions
Atp and NADPH enter the calvin cycle
What is required to pass through ATP synthase to generate ATP
H+ ions
Where does the calvin cycle occur
The stroma
What are the two compounds that combine to start the Calvin cycle
RUBP and CO2
What are the Pores that let gas in and out
The Stoma
What do light reactions provide to the Calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH
What does the Calvin cycle return to light reactions
ADP and NADP+
products of Calvin cycle
Glucose G3P
In the Calvin cycle ATP and NADPH is used to convert?
6 PGA molecules into 6 G3P molecules.
What are 5 out of the 6 molecule of G3P used for
to regenerate RUBP and continue the cycle
What is the 1 out of 6 molecules of G3P used for
create glucose
carbon fixation
3 RuBP capture 3 C02, forming 6 PGA
