Medical Terminology for Health Professions - Integumentary System/Ch.12 - HOSA Medical Terminology

cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o

skin

seb/o

sebaceous glands

hidr/o

sweat glands

pil/i, pil/o

hair

onych/o, ungu/o

nail

cry/o

cold

hirsut/o

hairy, rough

lip/o

fat, lipid

myc/o

fungus

py/o

pus

rhytid/o

wrinkle

urtic/o

rash, hives

lunula

The half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of a nail

-rrheic

pertaining to discharge

phor

movement

follicul

hair follicle

axill

armpit

alopec-

baldness

koil-

hollow or concave

crypt-

hidden

hirsut

hairy

hirsutism

excessive hair growth over the body

alopecia areata

an autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body

alopecia totalis vs. alopecia universalis

the former is hair loss on the entire head and the latter is hair loss across the whole body

androgenic alopecia

male/female pattern baldness, most common type of alopecia,

clubbing

abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips

Koilonychia

Soft spoon nails with a concave shape that appear scooped out.

onychia/onychitis

Inflammation of the nail matrix

onychocyptosis

Ingrown nail

onchomycosis

fungal infection of the nail

onycholysis

Loosening or separation of the nail

paronychia

diseased state around the nail (infection, inflammation, etc)

Acanthosis nigricans

one or more areas of the skin develop dark, velvety areas of discoloration, usually in skin folds. This can be a sign of a disease such as cancer or type 2 diabetes or a reaction to a medication.

age spots

discolorations caused by sun exposure

albinism

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

Melasma (chloasma, mask of pregnancy)

a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face, usually during pregnancy

vitiligo

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

contus

bruise

contusion

an injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain

ecchym

pouring out of juice

ecchymosis

bruise

purpura

the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin

purpur

purple

petechiae

pinpoint purple or red spots from minute hemorrhages under the skin

hematoma

a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.

crust/scab

Type of Surface Lesion: collection of dried serum and blood over a wound

eschar

Type of Surface Lesion: dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn

erosion

Type of Surface Lesion: wearing away of a layer (think epidermis, mucous membrane, dental enamel)

macule

Type of Surface Lesion: flat, colored spot on the skin (freckle)

nodule

Type of Surface Lesion: a small lump larger than 0.5 cm

papule

Type of Surface Lesion: small, solid skin elevation less than 0.5 cm

plaque

Type of Surface Lesion: a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin

scales

Type of Surface Lesion: flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells

verrucae

Type of Surface Lesion: small, hard skin lesions caused by the human papilloma virus; warts

plantar warts

verrucae on the soles of the feet

wheal

Type of Surface Lesion: small, round, raised area on the skin that may be accompanied by itching; usually seen in allergic reactions

urticaria

hives

abscess

Fluid-Filled Lesion: Collection of pus underneath the skin

purulent

producing/containing pus

exudate

fluid, such as pus, that leaks out of an infected wound

cyst

Fluid-Filled Lesion: sac containing fluid

pustule/pimple

Fluid-Filled Lesion: elevated, pus-filled area on the skin

vesicle

Fluid-Filled Lesion: A membrane bound sac that contains watery fluid/materials involved in transport of the cell.

bulla

Fluid-Filled Lesion: Large blister containing watery fluid that is usually more than 0.5 cm

abrasion

Lesions Through the Skin: Scrape of the skin due to something abrasive

fissure

Lesions Through the Skin:an opening; a groove; a split

laceration

Lesions Through the Skin: jagged wound

pressure ulcer/bedsore

Lesions Through the Skin: erosion of the skin caused by prolonged pressure

needlestick injury

Lesions Through the Skin:accidental puncture wound caused by a used hypodermic needle, potentially transmitting an infection

ulcer

Lesions Through the Skin: open sore

vascular birthmarks

caused by blood vessels close to the skin's surface (includes macular stains, hemangiomas, and port-wine)

macular stain

The most common type of vascular birthmark. These birthmarks are faint red marks often occurring on the forehead, eyelids, posterior neck, nose, upper lip, or posterior head. Also called salmon patch, angel kiss, and stork bite.

capillary hemangioma

strawberry birthmark; soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark

port-wine stain

a flat vascular birthmark made up of dilated blood capillaries, creating a large, reddish-purple discoloration on the face or neck

contact dermatitis (CD)

a localized allergic response caused by contact with an irritant

intertrigo

Dermatitis between two folds of the skin (due to friction of rubbing)

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

exfoliative dermatitis

a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss

pruritus

severe itching

prurit

itching, associated with most forms of dermatitis

erythem

flushed, redness

Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)

facial rash in children

Erythema multiforme

skin disorder resulting from a generalized allergic reaction to an illness, infection, or medication. rash can be nodules, papules, macules, vesicles, or bullae

erythroderma

abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

exanthem

a widespread rash, usually in children

dermatosis

abnormal condition of the skin (not associated with inflammation)

ichthy/o

dry, scaly

ichthyosis

abnormal condition of dry, scaly skin

lipedema (painful fat syndrome)

a chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs

-phyma

growth

rhinophyma (bulbous nose)

usually occurs in older men; characterized by hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose and is associated with advanced rosacea

-aria

connected with

cellulitis

Infection of skin cells

furuncles

boils; large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands

carbuncle

a cluster of connected furuncles (boils)

gangrene

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

tinea

Ringworm; a fungal infection of the skin

pedicul/o

lice

scabies

contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite

kel/o

tumor, swelling