The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

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12 Terms

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Variations

slight differences in inherited traits among individual members of a species

<p>slight differences in inherited traits among individual members of a species</p>
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How do variations affect organisms?

Variations can help, harm and have no effect not only on individual organisms, but also on entire populations of organisms.

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Charles Darwin

English naturalist. He studied the plants and animals of South America and the Pacific islands, and in his book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) set forth his theory of evolution.

<p>English naturalist. He studied the plants and animals of South America and the Pacific islands, and in his book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) set forth his theory of evolution.</p>
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Theory of Evolution

Organisms born with the best adaptations survive and pass on their traits to offspring. Organisms without these adaptations die and do not reproduce. Over time, the population changes as more organisms inherit the adaptation.

<p>Organisms born with the best adaptations survive and pass on their traits to offspring. Organisms without these adaptations die and do not reproduce. Over time, the population changes as more organisms inherit the adaptation.</p>
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natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

<p>A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.</p>
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Adaptation

inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival

<p>inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival</p>
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structural adaptation

a physical feature of an organism's body having a specific function that contributes to the survival of the organism

<p>a physical feature of an organism's body having a specific function that contributes to the survival of the organism</p>
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behavioral adaptation

an inherited behavior that helps an organism survive

<p>an inherited behavior that helps an organism survive</p>
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Functional Adaptation

An adaptation that involves internal body systems that affect biochemistry

<p>An adaptation that involves internal body systems that affect biochemistry</p>
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camouflage

an adaptation that enables a species to blend in with its environment

<p>an adaptation that enables a species to blend in with its environment</p>
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mimicry

The resemblance of one species to another species

<p>The resemblance of one species to another species</p>
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What are different types of adaptations?

structural, behavioral, functional - camouflage, mimicry, and mouth shape