1960s

1960 presidential debate

People that watched on TV felt that John F. Kennedy won

Election of 1960

JFK barely wins- does not have a clear mandate

Camelot

Term for the Kennedy White House; Referred to JFK’s youthful glamour, talented advisors and the cultural elite that visited

Berlin Wall

Built to prevent citizens from fleeing to Democratic nations

Yuri Gagarin

First man in space

Alan Shepard

First American in space

Fidel Castro

The communist leader of Cuba that came to power in 1959

Bay of Pigs

US aided rebels invaded Cuba in attempt to overthrow Castro; Invasion failed and most rebels were captured.

Cuban Missile Crisis

The US “quarantined” Cuba

John Glenn

The first American to Orbit the Earth

Robert Kennedy

Attorney General under JFK

Peace Corps

Sends people to poor areas in Africa, Latin America and Asia

Earl Warren

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1953-1969

Warren Report

Report showed John Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald.

Lee Harvey Oswald

Assassinated JFK

JFK assassination

November 22, 1963

Lyndon B. Johnson

Experienced politician; Good at building coalitions and persuading people

Election of 1964

Johnson easily defeated Goldwater; Johnson’s domestic agenda was one of the main reasons

Johnson’s Great Society

Declared war on poverty; was a plan for domestic improvements, including educational and social reforms

Head Start

Provides funds for preschools for economically disadvantaged families

Vietnam War

Hindered Johnson’s Great Society financially

Immigration Act of 1965

More people came in to the US from the Western Hemisphere.

Medicare

Great Society program; helped with medical care for the elderly

Medicaid

Great Society program; helped with medical care for those that could not afford

Generation Gap

Due to the possibility of nuclear war many baby boomers felt threatened

The Establishment

those in authority; the older generation, the government, teachers, etc

People in Counterculture

Middle class baby boomers who opposed the Vietnam war

What Counterculture did

• Broke from regular employment and consumerism

• Stressed intuition

• Searched for emotional highs in activities such as sex and drugs

Cesar Chavez

Mexican-American farm worker; Organized a union for farm workers in California

JACL

Fought to get compensation for Japanese Americans interred during WWII

Hubert Humphrey

Democratic candidate who was for CONTINUING the war in Vietnam.

North Vietnam in October 1968.

Lyndon Johnson attempted to help Humphrey by halting bombing

Eugene McCarthy

Democratic candidate that was OPPOSED to the war in Vietnam

1968 Chicago convention

Protestors were angry because Hubert Humphrey supported the war in Vietnam

“Negative” aspect of RFK

He may have been too liberal

Sirhan Sirhan

Killed RFK due to RFK’s pro-Israel stance

George Wallace

Extremely conservative politician; Ran as a third party candidate in 1968

Richard Nixon

Ran as a law and order candidate; won the 1968 Presidential race

Feminist Movement effect

Some women waited to marry until they began their careers

Equal Pay Act of 1963

Stated people employed in the same position should receive equal pay

Title VII 1964

Banned gender discrimination when hiring

Birth control pill

Approved in 1960

NOW

Worked for gender equality

Ella Grasso

First female elected governor (Connecticut)

Janet Gray Hayes

First female elected mayor (San Jose, California)

Phyllis Schlafly

Conservative woman, opposed to NOW and ERA

The Wage Gap

Salaries by gender is less now than it was in the 1960s

Brown v. Board

Overturned legal segregation

Gideon v. Wainwright

Established the right to have a lawyer even if you can not afford one

Engel v. Vitale

Banned school led prayer in public schools

Abington v. Schempp

Banned bible reading and other religious exercises in public schools

Miranda v. Arizona

Stated the accused must be informed of right to lawyer and right not to testify against self

Griswold v Connecticut

Stated that states may not make laws prohibiting the use of birth control

Roe v. Wade

States can not interfere with women getting abortions