Review Flashcards on Authoritarianism and Mass Mobilization

Vocabulary flashcards about authoritarianism, Stalin's Soviet Union, Mussolini's fascism, and Hitler's Nazism.

Authoritarian Regimes

Regimes that challenged liberal systems, arising in various stripes such as dictatorships in Italy, Germany, and Japan, and the left-wing dictatorship of the Soviet Union.

Mass Mobilization

The practice of authoritarian regimes touting their success in mobilizing the masses to create dynamic yet orderly societies, led by charismatic leaders who personified the will and unity of these societies.

Soviet Union

Arose after the Bolshevik Party seized power in Russia, facing opposition from within and outside the country, leading to a civil war (1918-1921) where the Bolsheviks (Reds) defended the revolution against counterrevolutionaries (Whites).

Joseph Stalin

Emerged as the leader of the communist party and the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) after Lenin's death in 1924, shaping Soviet or revolutionary socialism in opposition to capitalism.

Collectivization

Stalin's policy to combine individual farms into larger units owned and worked collectively, leading to resistance from peasants who destroyed crops and livestock, resulting in deportations and famines.

Adolf Hitler

Appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933, he exploited fears of communism, suspended civil liberties, and outlawed opposition parties, eventually establishing himself as dictator.

Nazism

German political ideology under Adolf Hitler that combined nationalism, anti-capitalism, and anti-Semitism. Nazis implemented legal measures excluding Jews, promoted rearmament, public works, and social welfare programs for racially approved groups.

Francisco Franco

General who gained power in Spain after the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) with the help of German and Italian weapons, establishing a dictatorship.

Benito Mussolini

A former socialist journalist, Mussolini created a mass political movement called fascism. He became prime minister of Italy in 1922 and established a dictatorship.

Gulag

Forced labor camps in the Soviet Union where millions were sent during Stalin's purges from 1936 to 1938.

Mein Kampf

Autobiographical and anti-Semitic treatise written by Adolf Hitler while in prison, later becoming popular among Nazis.