phylum Coelenterata

Animalia

Kingdom of Coelenterata

Aquatic mostly marine some freshwater

Habitat of Coelenterata

Solitary or colonial with individual known as zooid

Habit of Coelenterata

Individual organism in a colonial coelenterate

Zooid

Tissue grade with no organs

Grade of Organization in Coelenterata

Column or pipe shaped plant-like

Shape of Hydrozoa

Bell or umbrella shaped

Shape of Scyphozoa

Cube or square shaped

Shape of Cubozoa

Column or pipe shaped

Shape of Anthozoa

Radially symmetrical

Symmetry of Coelenterata

Gastrovascular cavity or coelenteron

Coelom Type in Coelenterata

Male female or hermaphrodite

Sexes in Coelenterata

Diploblastic with outer ectoderm and inner endoderm

Germ Layers in Coelenterata

Non-cellular layer separating ectoderm and endoderm

What is Mesogloea

Absent

Sense Organs in Coelenterata

Holozoic

Nutrition Type in Coelenterata

Both intracellular and extracellular

Digestion Type in Coelenterata

Accomplished by simple diffusion

Respiration in Coelenterata

Poorly developed with no sensory organs

Nervous System in Coelenterata

Absent

Circulatory System in Coelenterata

Budding

Asexual Reproduction Method in Coelenterata

Gametic fusion internal or external

Sexual Reproduction Method in Coelenterata

Indirect with larval stage

Development Type in Coelenterata

Over 11000 species

Number of Species in Coelenterata

Typically invertebrates

Body Type of Coelenterata

Simple tissue organization with true tissues and gastrovascular cavity

Tissue Organization of Coelenterata

Attached to bottom of waterbodies

Attachment of Coelenterata

Can be sedentary or free swimming

Lifestyle of Coelenterata

Outer layer of cells in diploblastic organisms

What is Ectoderm

Inner layer of cells in diploblastic organisms

What is Endoderm

Specialized cell for capturing prey also called cnidoblast or nematocyte

What is Cnidocyte

Explosive cell having giant secretory organelle called cnida

Function of Cnidocyte

Specialized sub-cellular organelle in cnidocyte

What is Nematocyst

Presence of nematocysts

Main Characteristic of Phylum Cnidaria

Tentacles with nematocysts inject toxin that paralyzes or kills prey

Prey Capture Mechanism in Coelenterata

Body cavity where digestion takes place

What is Coelenteron

Polyp and medusa

Two Morphological Forms in Coelenterata

Composed of calcium carbonate

Polyp Exoskeleton Composition

Seen through budding in polyp form

Asexual Reproduction Form in Coelenterata

Seen through gamete fusion in medusa form

Sexual Reproduction Form in Coelenterata

Carnivorous with few exceptions like corals

Diet of Most Coelenterates

Get food from animals living symbiotically with them

Food Source for Corals

Hydra equals water zoon equals animal

Meaning of Hydrozoa

True jellyfishes

Common Name of Scyphozoa

Box jellyfishes

Common Name of Cubozoa

Anemones and corals

Common Name of Anthozoa

Mostly marine few freshwater

Habitat of Hydrozoa

Solitary and some colonial

Lifestyle of Hydrozoa

Asexual polyp is dominant form

Dominant Form in Hydrozoa

Medusa form possesses true velum

Medusa Feature in Hydrozoa

Simple and acellular

Mesogloea in Hydrozoa

Hydra Obelia Physalia physalis Tubularia

Examples of Hydrozoa

Feeds on insect larvae small crustaceans water fleas seed shrimps and copepods

Diet of Hydra

Stationary for long periods may move by bending body attaching tentacles releasing basal disc

Movement of Hydra

Can regenerate and appear to neither age nor die of old age

Regenerative Ability of Hydra

Can die from injury starvation or unsuitable conditions

Death Causes in Hydra

Coastal waters along western United States

Habitat of Obelia

Feeds on small zooplankton

Diet of Obelia

Grows in branching stalks

Growth Pattern of Obelia

Small and abundant in summer

Abundance of Obelia

Part of coastal benthic fouling communities

Community Type of Obelia

Portuguese Man of War

Common Name of Physalia physalis

Floats on surface of tropical marine waters

Habitat of Physalia physalis

Colony of four types of polyps float tentacles feeding zooids

Structure of Physalia physalis

Gas filled polyp in Portuguese Man of War

What is Pneumatophore

Polyps for locating and catching prey

What are Dactylozooids

Tentacles in Portuguese Man of War

What are Gastrozooids

Polyps that produce gametes for reproduction

What are Gonozooids

Located in the tentacles

Location of Cnidocytes in Physalia

Generally passive driven by winds and currents cannot swim

Locomotion of Physalia

Feeds mainly on fish fry small adult fish shrimp crustaceans and plankton animals

Diet of Physalia

Exclusively marine

Habitat of Scyphozoa

Solitary freely swimming

Lifestyle of Scyphozoa

Medusa is dominant

Dominant Form in Scyphozoa

Large bell or umbrella shaped

Shape Description of Scyphozoa

Short lived or absent

Polyp Stage in Scyphozoa

Usually cellular

Mesogloea in Scyphozoa

Aurelia aurita and Rhizostoma

Examples of Scyphozoa

Moon jelly

Common Name of Aurelia aurita

Near coast mostly warm and tropical waters

Habitat of Aurelia aurita

Pulsations of bell-shaped upper part to stay at surface

Swimming Method of Aurelia aurita

Carnivorous feeds on plankton mollusks crustaceans diatoms and eggs

Diet of Aurelia aurita

Dust-bin lid jellyfish

Common Name of Rhizostoma

Near coast mostly warm and tropical waters

Habitat of Rhizostoma

Swims fast can maneuver around things sees fairly well despite no brain

Characteristics of Cubozoa

Similar in form to true jellyfish scyphozoans

Similarity of Cubozoa

Square shaped when viewed from above

Shape of Cubozoa from Above

Cube-shaped medusae

Medusae Shape in Cubozoa

Chironex fleckeri Carukia barnesi and Malo kingi

Dangerous Species in Cubozoa

Stings extremely painful and can be fatal to humans

Danger of Cubozoa Sting

Do not pee on the sting

Cubozoa Sting Treatment Warning

Anthos equals flower zoos equals animal flower like animals

Meaning of Anthozoa

Exclusively marine

Habitat of Anthozoa

Sea anemones stony corals soft corals and gorgonians

Types in Anthozoa

Solitary or colonial

Lifestyle of Anthozoa

Absent

Medusa Stage in Anthozoa

Contains fibrous connective tissue and amoeboid cells

Mesogloea in Anthozoa

Metridium Tubipora Xenia

Examples of Anthozoa

Plumose anemone or frilled anemone

Common Names of Metridium senile

Attached to rocks or other hard surfaces

Attachment of Metridium