2.8 Women and demographic change

Population Distribution

Refers to the way in which people are spread across the earth.

Demographic Transition Model

A model that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops.

Malthusian Theory

Theory proposing that population growth will outpace food supply, leading to famine and societal collapse.

Forced Migration

Movement of people against their will, often due to conflict or disaster.

Voluntary Migration

Movement of people by choice, typically for economic opportunities or improved quality of life.

Female Education

Education specifically aimed at improving knowledge and skills among women, often linked to lower fertility rates.

Glass Ceiling

An unofficial barrier to advancement in employment for women and minorities.

Positive Discrimination

Policies that favor disadvantaged groups in hiring and promotion.

Birth Ratios

The ratio of the number of girls born to the number of boys born, ideally around 1:1.

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

A harmful practice that involves altering or injuring the female genitalia for non-medical reasons.

Health Inequalities

Disparities that exist in health outcomes and access to healthcare based on gender, race, and socioeconomic status.

Stereotypes

Oversimplified and generalized beliefs about a group of people that do not accurately represent individuals.