Injectable Anesthetics

What do injectable anesthetics do?

Induce an unconscious state allowing intubation and transition to inhalant anesthesia for maintenance and a state suitable for performing minor procedures.

What 4 things does your patient still need with injectable anesthetics?

Ventilation, airway, oxygen, monitoring

What are the 2 routes of administration of injectable anesthetics?

IV and IM

What are the 3 types of IV administration?

Single bolus, multiple bolus, CRI

What are the 3 IV anesthetic agents and which isn’t really used anymore?

Barbiturates (old group, not used much), Non-Barbiturates, and Dissociatives

What are the 3 types of Non-Barbiturates?

Propofol, Etomidate, Alfaxalone

How should you give Propofol?

Give IV, very slowly, titrate to effect for endotracheal intubation

What are common side effects of propofol?

Apnea and cyanosis

What should you avoid when giving Propofol?

Large IV boluses

What is propofol used for?

Anesthetic induction agent, maintenance of short-term general anesthesia in dogs and cats

What type of patient is the usage of Etomidate an excellent choice for and why?

Cardiac patients, it does not change heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, or myocardial performance

What should you use Etomidate with when the patient starts twitching or retching?

Benzodiazepine

What can Etomidate cause?

Hemolysis and hematuria

What are the two types of Dissociatives?

Ketamine and Tiletamine

What can Ketamine cause?

Increase in HR, BP, CO (cardiac output), and myocardial oxygen consumption, and apneustic breathing

What is apneustic breathing?

Shallow and irregular breathing pattern

A type of Dissociative is Tiletamine which is a type of Telazol. What is the other type of Telazol?

Zolazepam

What is the duration of Telazol in dogs?

30-60 minutes

What is the duration of Telazol in cats?

40-90 minutes

What are the two routes of administration of Telazol and which of the two is most commonly used?

IM (most commonly used), IV

What is the appearance of Alphaxalone?

Clear, aqueous solution

What are the effects of Alphaxalone?

Tachycardia and respiratory depression