Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering core terms related to cellular respiration and photosynthesis mentioned in the lecture notes.

Endergonic Reaction

What kind of reactions require energy to occur

Adenylyl Gyclose

an enzyme that produces cAMP by hydrolyzing ATP to produce cAMP, which in turn activates protein kinase A

Which is the second messenger for glucose response

cAMP

Anabolism

:Which type of reaction is endergonic?

When ADP gains a phosphate to form ATP:

Energy is consumed

Pigment Molecule

Absorb photons

When a photon is absorbed by chlorophyll:

The chlorophyll becomes “excited,” or energized

water

In photophosphorylation, electrons from ______ replenish chlorophyll molecules that have given up electrons.

Carbohydrates

In the carbon fixation reactions of photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH are used to synthesize:

Reduced

When a molecule gains hydrogen atoms, it becomes:

Amino acids

Proteins need to be broken down into ______ before they can be used for energy in cellular respiration.

Fermentation

In the absence of oxygen, anaerobic respiration is accomplished through

Reduction of O₂ at the end of the ETC (electron Train Chain)

The water that is the by-product of cellular respiration is produced as a result of the

Diffusion of protons

In chemiosmosis, the energy for the synthesis of ATP as electrons flow down the respiratory chain is provided directly by the:

Mitochondrion

In the cell, the site of oxygen utilization is the

. 2 molecules of ATP

During glycolysis, there is a net gain of _____ produced for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate.

The function of NAD⁺ is to

Carry hydrogen atoms and energy from molecules being oxidized